DIMINISHING IMPACTS OF WATER DEFICIT AND HEAT STRESS ON BREAD WHEAT VIA SCREENING SOME GENOTYPES AND DIFFERENT PLANTING DATES

Mostafa, Ahmed Mohamed; Hussein, Ahmed Hussein Ahmed; Elsayed, Mona Ismail Ewies; Hussein, Eman M. A.

doi:10.21608/agro.2025.398790.1737

DIMINISHING IMPACTS OF WATER DEFICIT AND HEAT STRESS ON BREAD WHEAT VIA SCREENING SOME GENOTYPES AND DIFFERENT PLANTING DATES

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Gamaa Street

10.21608/agro.2025.398790.1737

Abstract

Climate change increasingly threatens wheat productivity through the combined effects of water deficit and heat stress. This study examined the effects of climate change, focusing on the combined impacts of water scarcity and heat stress, on fifteen different wheat genotypes. The research aimed to assess how these stresses affect earliness, yield, and related components, as well as physiological traits like leaf chlorophyll content and canopy temperature. Two field experiments were carried out at the Sids Agricultural Research Station, Egypt, during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 winter growing seasons. A split-plot design with three replications was used, testing two sowing dates (15th November and 15th December), where the latter date was exposed to heat stress. Water deficit was imposed through three irrigation treatments. The findings showed that both water and heat stress can lead to a reduction in grain yield of up to 42.5%. Six discriminant functions indicate that traits of earliness, yield, and physiological characteristics account for 92.5%, 94.5%, 94.1%, 88.5%, 76.0%, and 98.98% of the variability among 15 bread wheat genotypes under conditions of water deficit and heat stress. Genotypes G10 (Misr 2), G12 (Line 7), G11 (Line 6), G8 (Giza 171), G6 (Gemmeiza 12), G15 (Line 10), G7 (Sids 14), and G9 (Shandaweel 1) are classified as tolerant or moderately tolerant to water deficit, heat stress, and their combination.

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