Enhancing wheat genetic resources tolerant to water stress: F2 generation.

Esmail, Ramadan Mohamed; Fathallah, F.B; Abdel Samea, Negm A

doi:10.21608/agro.2025.315744.1498

Enhancing wheat genetic resources tolerant to water stress: F2 generation.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Center,12622 Dokki, Giza ,Egypt

² Genetic and Cytology department, Biotechnology Research institute, National Research Center, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt

³ Genetic and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Center, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

10.21608/agro.2025.315744.1498

Abstract

The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Plant materials used in this study contains 28 genotypes i.e, seven diverse bread wheat lines and their 21 F2 progenies obtained followed half-diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals). Totally 28 genotypes, were evaluated under water stress condition ( two irrigations through wheat growing season i.e., sowing irrigation followed by first irrigation after 21 days from sowing ) in order to estimate the combining ability. The analysis revealed that parents and crosses differed significantly for general and specific combining ability effects. The relative magnitude of GCA variances was higher than the SCA variance, indicates the role of additive gene action component in the expression of all the traits except grain yield /plant. The parents Sids 14 and Msr1 for grain yield per plant, Giza 171, Sids 14 and White M for 1000 kernel weight and Sids 14 , Line 20 and Misr 1 for number of spikes per plant were found to be the best general combiners.
F2 segregating hybrids (P6x P7) is the best specific combiner for earliness and grain yield and all of its components. As well as ,(P1 x P2) had the best specific combiner for grain yield .Also, we identify best six F2 hybrid combinations for 1000 grain weight. These superior wheat genotypes can be utilized successfully in the future wheat breeding activities to enhance new genetic material with high yield potential under water-deficit conditions.

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