Enhancing Wheat Genetic Resources through Diallel Crosses for Production of New Lines

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Seven bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L ) genotypes were evaluated by Griffin's Diallel analysis for combining ability of grain yield, and its components to estimate their potential as sources of new germplasm for wheat breeding programs. Analysis of variance due to GCA and SCA was significant for all characters revealed difference among of  parents in  GCA and difference between crosses for SCA. The variance of yield analysis revealed highly significant differences among the progenies. The majority of the differences between the crosses were decided by general combining ability (GCA). SCA (specific combing ability) was also significant, but less so. GCA effect estimates revealed that one line was the best general combiner for grain yield. Obtained results showed the two parental lines no 1 and 4 proved to be good combiners for grain yield and some yield-related traits. Six crosses (no.1, 2,3,5,11and 17) revealed high performance and good specific combiners for grain yield and some of its components. Consequently, these new bread wheat genotypes can be used to enhanced further wheat breeding program and exploited it for release a new wheat cultivars. This research used 29 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and EST-SSR markers to identify the 7 wheat genotypes according to their associations and choose those with more genetic diversity. The polymorphism detected by EST-SSR primers was greater than that detected by ESTSSR markers , according to the current study. Assorted genotypes could be distinguished using these. The dendrogram and PCoA both revealed that there was some variations  among the wheat genotypes.

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