Assessment of Wheat Genotypes for Quality Attributes Grown under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Agricultural Research Station, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

2 Cotton Research Station, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

3 Regional Agriculture Research Institute (RARI), Bahawalpur, Pakistan

4 Gram Breeding Research Station, Kollerkot, Pakistan

Abstract

WHEAT (Triticum aestivum) is utilized as a staple food in several countries because of its exceptional quality properties compared with other grain crops. Wheat can be grown under diverse climatic conditions; however, several biotic and abiotic factors influence the grain quality of wheat. Dry seasons and high temperatures are the fundamental abiotic factors that decrease the yield and influence the grain quality of wheat. In this study, we utilized 18 wheat genotypes that were grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The major objective of this study was screening of the best wheat genotypes with improved grain quality and yield which performed better under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The five quality parameters (thousand grains weight (TGW), test weight, protein percentage, gluten percentage, and starch percentage) were studied during two years in irrigated and rainfed conditions. The BWP-122559 performed better regarding to TGW (39.04g) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Cluster analysis was utilized to assemble the genotypes on the basis of quality parameters. The 18 genotypes were assembled into three clusters; cluster-1 (4 genotypes), cluster-2 (7 genotypes), and cluster-3 (7 genotypes). The cluster-1 (NR-443, IV-II, WBG-14, CT-12176) genotypes were higher in TGW, protein percentage, and gluten percentage which differed in relation to these clusters. These four genotypes were selected based on their performance under irrigated and rainfed conditions. These selected genotypes can be utilized in wheat breeding and crop improvement programme.

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