Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Sindh Agricultural University, PAKISTAN
2
Directorate of Agriculture Research (Dates) Kech at Turbat Balochistan
3
3Directorate of food technology and Post-harvest Agriculture Research, Sariab Quetta, Pakistan
4
Directorate of food technology and Post-harvest Agriculture Research, Sariab Quetta, Pakistan
5
2Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam Sindh
6
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam Sindh
10.21608/agro.2025.324048.1518
Abstract
Diallel analysis is a mating design used in quantitative genetics to find superior genotypes for hybridization and selections programmes. This competition evaluated 15 F1 hybrids and their six parental lines for a range of morphological and physiological traits, including days to 50% heading, days to 75% maturity, plant height (cm), grains per spike, grain yield per plant (g), grain filling duration, cell membrane thermostability (%), leaf area (cm²), SPAD chlorophyll content, and relative water content (%). At the Botanical Garden of Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, the experiment was conducted using a factorial design with two sowing regimes: an ideal sowing date and a late sowing date. Under both normal and late sowing conditions, the variances for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were found to be significant for nearly all the traits under study. This suggests that both additive and non-additive gene actions were supporting the traits under investigation. Three parents like TD-1, Benazir, Kiran-95 and TJ-83 were found exceptionally high general combiners by manifesting higher GCA estimates for yield and physiological characters studied; therefore such parents are expected to prove excellent in the improvement of bread wheat, specifically with regard to heat stress environments. Concerning SCA effects, the F1 hybrids such as TD-1×Kiran-95, NIA-Sarang × TJ-83, Benazir × AS-2002 under heat stress circumstances, AS-2002, TD-1 × Kiran-95, NIA-Sarang × Benazir, and TJ-83 × AS-2002 shown rewarding SCA effects for the characteristics under study; they could be chosen for use in next wheat breeding programs
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