ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Rice Yield and Soil to Sulfur Application under Water and Salinity Stresses
TWO FIELD experiments were conducted at El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, Damietta Governorate, Egypt during summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 to investigate the effect of three irrigation intervals ( 3 , 6 and 9 days ) and four soil application of sulfur rates ( 0 , 200 , 400 and 600 kg S/ ha ) and their interaction on the soil properties , growth characters, yield and yield components as well as water productivity of rice under saline soil conditions. In each experiment , strip plot design with four replications was used , where the horizontal plots were devoted to the irrigation intervals and the vertical plots were allocated by the sulfur rates. Irrigation every 3 days significantly decreased the values of the soil chemical properties studied , i.e. soil acidity (pH) , electrical conductivity (EC) and bulk density but significantly increased growth characters , i.e. chlorophyll content, leaf area, dry matter production and number of tillers/ hill and plant height as well as yield and yield components, i.e. number of panicles/ hill , panicle length , panicle weight, number of filled grains/ panicle , fertility % , 1000-grain weight , grain and biological yields/ ha and harvest index as compared with irrigation every 6 and 9 days. However , irrigation every 9 days significantly increased the number of unfilled grains/ panicle. Increasing soil application of sulfur rates up to 600 kg S/ ha decreased the values of soil properties (pH , EC and bulk density) as well as significantly and gradually increased the aforementioned growth characters as well as yield and yield components but significantly decreased number of unfilled grains/ panicle. The interaction effect between irrigation intervals and sulfur application rates , indicate that grain and biological yields/ ha were increased by the application of sulfur rates up to 400 kg S/ ha under short irrigation interval (3 days) and up to 600 kg S/ ha under medium and and long irrigation intervals (6 and 9 days). The irrigation of rice plants every 3 days consumed the largest amount of irrigation water, while prolonging the irrigation intervals up to 6 and 9 days led to a gradual decrease in the amount of irrigation water consumed by 12.99 and 37.31% , respectively compared with the irrigation every 3 days. Irrigation of rice plants every 6 days with the application of sulfur at a rate of 600 kg S/ ha produced the highest values of water productivity (0.296 kg/ m3 water) as an average of both seasons, indicating to the beneficial effect of the application of sulfur for improving soil properties , growth , yield and yield components as well as water productivity especially under prolonged irrigation interval in saline soil condition.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4027_fa5d1e5309da0b75f35a78453a573b12.pdf
2017-12-01
239
249
10.21608/agro.2017.1274.1067
salinity
Irrigation
sulfur
rice
Basuny
Zayed
bas.zayed@gmail.com
1
Rice Research and Training Center(RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-shiekh Field Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research center, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Abdelaal
moha3b3al@gmail.com
2
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Galal
Deweedar
dewdargad@yahoo.com
3
Rice Research And Training Center Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Field Crop Research Institute, ARC, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influencing of Water Stress and Micronutrients on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Yield and Anatomical Features of Common Bean Plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
WATER stress is the most destructive agent which extreme yield productivity of many crops such as common bean. Foliar applications with micronutrients are needed to alleviate the effects of water stress. Pots experiments were carried out during the two growing summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 under greenhouse conditions at the Experimental Station of the Agricultural Botany Department, Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients as Fe and Zn on plant vegetative criteria, some physiological and biochemical properties, anatomical structure of leaf blade as well as yield and its components of common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Giza 3 grown under water stress conditions. The results reported that, all vegetative growth characters expressed as plant height (cm), number of both leaves and branches/plant, leaf area (cm2) and dry weight of shoot (g) were significantly decreased under water stress.While, the foliar application with Fe appeared topartly overcome the hurtful effects of water stress on the aforementioned growth criteria of common bean plants.There was significant decrease in photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen, crude protein, phosphorus and potassium in leaves was noticed due to drought stress treatments; i.e., 18 days irrigation (W3) compared with control plants; i.e., 6 days irrigation (W1). In reverse,water stress increased significantly the Malondialdehyde (MDA) and phenolic compounds in leaves, where as yield and its components as well as anatomical features of leaflet blade; i.e., blade thickness, palisade and spongy tissue thickness, length and width midvein, phloem and xylem tissue thickness and diameter of xylem vessel were significantly decreased by water stress and the highest values were obtained under control (W1) followed by; i.e., 12 days irrigation (W2) and the lowest were obtained under (W3), although spraying plants with Fe improved plant yield and all above mentioned anatomical characters by partly overcome the harmful effects of water stress.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4070_3dca9a2bd75e8b2ea3303100bd03fa51.pdf
2017-12-01
251
265
10.21608/agro.2017.1214.1066
Common bean plants
Iron and zinc sulphate
Water stress
Biochemical analysis
leaf anatomy
Seham
Ibrahim
mohamedelbkh@yahoo.com
1
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Elsayed
Desoky
desoky_s@yahoo.com
2
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Elrys
elrays_sms2008@yahoo.com
3
Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Role of Micronutrients in Improving Yield and Quality of Seeds in Fenugreek Plants ( Trigonella foenim graecum L.)
THIS STUDY was conducted during the two winter seasons of 2015/ 2016 and 2016/ 2017 at Met Rabia Village, (Private Farm) Bilbas, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, to study the impact of foliar spraying with micronutrients on growth, chemical composition , yield and anatomy of stem and leaves of fenugreek cv. Giza 3 .Micronutrients were sprayed at concentrations of 0, 0.25,0.50,0.75 and 1.00 ml / L. The most significant promotion was recorded when fenugreek plants were sprayed with 0.75 ml / L micronutrients . This treatment gave beneficial changes in both morphological and crop characteristics. Foliar spraying with micronutrients at 0.75 ml / L increased the main stem diameter, cortex thickness,vascular cylinder , number of vascular bundles, except that of thickness of epidermis , fibrous tissue and pith diameter. Foliar application with micronutrients at 0.75 ml / L increased thickness of both lamina leaflet blades and midvein of fenugreek plants cv. Giza 3. It is clear that the increase in thickness of lamina is due to the increase in thickness of spongy and palisade tissues. The main vascular bundle of the midvein bundle increased in size. Number of xylem vessels /midvein bundle increased.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4084_aba6cf3a444c7e0189b11dbb1c36ed4d.pdf
2017-12-01
267
277
10.21608/agro.2017.1302.1068
fenugreek
Micronutrients
plant growth
yield
anatomy
seed quality
Mohamed
Boghdady
hdeeby03@gmail.com
1
Agricultural Botany Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Alternative Spraying with Silicate and Licorice Root Extract on Yield and Nutrients Uptake by Pea Plants
GREEN APPROACHES for enhancing plant growth and production using natural occurring materials are highly needed such as licorice root extract. Silicon is an abundant element on Earth and its positive effects on plants make it important in agriculture. Silicon plays an important role in the mineral nutrition of plants, especially for the high accumulator species, such as pea plants. A field trialwas conducted through 2015 and 2016 growing seasons to study the effect of alternative spraying with silicate and licorice root extract on growth parameters, yield and nutrients uptake by pea plants (Pisum sativum L.). Licorice root extract was added as a foliar spray at a rate of 0, 2 and 5 g l-1 at 20, 30, and 40 days after sowing. Three concentrations of SiO2 (0, 500, 750 mg SiO2 L-1) were spraying at 25, 35, and 45 days after sowing. Therefore, the experimental design was factorial randomized complete block, involving 2 factors; A: silicate rates, B: Licorice extract rates. Results indicated that spraying with silicon and licorice root extract significantly increased fresh pods yield, dry weight of shoots and seeds, protein content and nutrients uptake as compared to untreated plants. The best treatment was alternative spraying with silicate (750 mg SiO2 L-1) and 5 g L-1 licorice root extract.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4255_151e02b2f95ea9b4892c4758ad5666a3.pdf
2017-12-01
279
292
10.21608/agro.2017.1429.1071
silicon
Licorice extract
Photosynthetic pigments
nutrients uptake
pea
Ahmed
Elrys
elrys_sms2008@yahoo.com
1
Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdel-Rahman
Merwad
abdo.soil@yahoo.com
2
Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Irrigation Intervals under Different Sowing Dates on Water Relations, Yield and Quality Nutrition of Guar Forage Crop
TWO FIELD experiments were conducted at Giza Agriculture Research Station during the two growing seasons of 2015 and 2016. The investigation was carried out to study the effect of different irrigation intervals, i.e., two weeks and three weeks in combination with different sowing dates, i.e., 1st April ,15th April , 1st May and 15th May on Guar forage crop (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.,var. Shandaweel 1 ) crop - water relations, yield and yield components under middle Egypt conditions. The main results could be summarized as follows:-The number of applied irrigations and seasonal water consumptive use (CU) were increased with decreasing irrigation interval days which the shortage irrigation interval (irrigation every 15 days) recorded the maximum CU under all sowing date with an overall average being 442 and 453 mm for first and second season, respectively. The same trend was found with sowing date, with plant sown in 1st April consumed more water than the other sowing dates. The lowest water use efficiency (WUE) was recorded under longer irrigation interval (irrigation every 21days) comparable to (irrigation every 15 days) and values of WUE differed due to sowing date, which the S4 (sowing at 15th May) gave the lowest WUE while, S1( sowing at 1st April) obtained the highest value. The crop coefficient (Kc) values started small and increased to reach their maximum values in mid season under all sowing dates, then decline again until the crop maturity under all sowing dates.All yield and yield component traits were markedly affected by sowing date and irrigation interval. Most of the studied traits except leaves/stem ratio as well as fiber %, decreased by delaying sowing date from 1st April to 15th May. Decreasing irrigation interval days from 21 to 15 days significantly increased plant height, number of branches/plant, fresh and dry yield ton fad-1, while leaves/stem ratio and crud fiber% which increased by increasing irrigation intervals from 15 to 21 days.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4472_af9d2190d623a803bad97969eb44d2e5.pdf
2017-12-01
293
305
10.21608/agro.2017.1447.1072
Guar forage crop
Irrigation intervals
water utilization efficiency
Plant and crop coefficient (Kc)
ZIZY
ABBAS
zizyyoussef70@yahoo.com
1
Forge Crops Res. Dept., Field Crops Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
NEMATALLH
MOKHTAR
nematalla_mokhtar@yahoo.com
2
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Salah
Bo-Feteih
abofeteih66@gmail.com
3
Forage Crops Res. Dept., Field Crops Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Analysis of Seed Cotton Yield and its Attributes under Early and Late Plantings
THIS RESEARCH was conducted to study the effects of late planting on the performance of Egyptian cotton sensitivity to environment, and gene actions that controlling seed cotton yield/plant (SCY/P) and related traits. Half diallel crosses of eight Egyptian cotton varieties were evaluated under early and late plantings. The analysis of variance indicated significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences among entries (parents and crosses) for most traits. The reduction percentin seed SCY/P caused by the stress of late planting was 17.98 and 18.25 percent for the parents and hybrids; respectively. Stress susceptibility index indicated that five parents were tolerant for SCY/P to late planting. Fifteen out of the 28 hybrids showed tolerance in SCY/P to late planting. The diallel analysis of variance indicated that both additive and dominance effects of genes were involved in the inheritance of all traits. Generally, the regression coefficient “b Wr/Vr” and the graphical analysis revealed that the inheritance of seed cotton yield/plant controlled by additive, dominance and epistatic effects of genes. The results of boll weight under the stress of late planting suggested the presence of additive, dominance and epistatic genes interaction. The genetic analysis of number of seeds/boll under late planting indicated no significance of the additive effects of genes “a item”, however, the dominance item “b” was significant (p≤ 0.01). The non-additive effects of genes were reflected in the departure of narrow from broad sense heritability. Therefore, pedigree and recurrent selection breeding methods could be effective in isolating lines adapted to late planting.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4595_7a974fd0ff3d4238ce4b6d2beb13550d.pdf
2017-12-01
307
320
10.21608/agro.2017.1724.1076
Egyptian cotton
gene action
Late plantings
Seed cotton yield
Ezzat
Mahdy
ezzatemahdy@yahoo.com
1
Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Atif
Ahmed
atif59eg@yahoo.com
2
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
AUTHOR
Gamal
Abdel-Zaher
alhosein1@yahoo.com
3
Cotton Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Sayed
mohamed.sayed5@agr.au.edu.eg
4
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Husein
mrahmed_1009274@yahoo.com
5
Cotton Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Different Nitrogen Rates on Productivity and Quality Traits of Wheat Cultivars
THIS STUDY quantified the optimum doses of nitrogen (N) fertilizers for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiments were conducted in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons in a farm of the Faculty of Agriculture at Kafrelsheikh University. This study was laid out in a split plot design with three replications in RCBD. Wheat cultivars, Gemmeiza 11, Giza 171, Giza 168 and Sakha 94 were allocated in the main plots. Six different doses of nitrogen, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg N/fad were used. The studied characters were agronomic and seeds technology traits. The results indicated that significant differences among the studied wheat cultivars in all agronomic studied and seeds technology were observed. Sakha 94 recorded the highest number of days to heading and maturity, plant height and Gemmeiza 11 recorded the highest values in number of spikes/m2 in both seasons. Sakha 94 and Gemmeiza 11 recorded the highest values for 1000 grain weight in 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons, respectively. Sakha 94 recorded the highest values for grain/spike in 2015/16 season. Sakha 94 recorded the highest values for EC in 2014/15, hectoliter, density, root length, and protein percentage in both seasons. Gemmeiza 11 superior the other cultivars for both of grain and straw yield and for EC in 2015/16 and for shoot length in both seasons. Giza 168 recorded the highest values for density in both seasons. Increases in nitrogen fertilizer increased significantly number of days to heading and maturity, plant height, spikes/m2, grain/spike, grain and straw yield, while decreased 1000 grain weight. There were significant differences among N levels treatments regarding EC, hectoliter weight, density, root length, shoot length, dry weight and protein percentage in both seasons. Application of 100 kg N/fad resulted in higher values than other treatments for all traits except EC in both seasons were decreased.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4664_61389da5f85730e3b78517c9695238b3.pdf
2017-12-01
321
335
10.21608/agro.2017.1405.1070
Wheat cultivars
Yield component
nitrogen fertilizer
EC
Protein percentage
Dalia
Elhag
dalia_elhag@yahoo.com
1
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Analysis of Yield and Its Attributes in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Under Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions
CLIMATE change and global warming cause an increase of drought effects on wheat production all over the world. Therefore developing wheat drought tolerant genotypes is essential, especially, under current water shortage. The present study was performed at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt over winter seasons 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Five diverse parental wheat genotypes (Misr 1, Gemmeiza 9, Gemmeiza 11, Line 1 and Line 2) were involved in a half diallel cross fashion under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and related contributing traits through mean performance, combining ability and gene action. The results showed significant differences among parental wheat genotypes and their F1 crosses as well as highly significant mean squares of general and specific combining ability for all studied traits under both conditions. For days to heading, Line 1 exhibited good level of earliness reflected in the performance of their F1 crosses (Line 1 x Misr 1) and (Line 1 x Line 2) under both conditions. The local wheat cultivars Misr 1 and Gemmeiza 9 as well as their F1 cross (Misr 1 X Gemmeiza 9) had high mean values for yield and its components under both conditions, reinforcing their importance in applied breeding programs. The parental wheat cultivar Gemmeiza 11 and F1 crosses (Line 1 x Gemmeiza 11), (Misr 1 x Line 2) and (Gemmeiza 9 x Gemmeiza 11) showed drought sensitivity index (DSI) values less than unity. Thus, these genotypes were considered as more tolerant to drought stress as regards to their grain yield/plant. The magnitude of additive (D) genetic component was higher as compared to their corresponding dominance (H1 and H2) ones, for days to heading both conditions and number of grains/spike under drought stress one, resulting (H1/D)0.5 less than unity. While, the dominance components was more than the corresponding additive one for flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, number of spikelets/spike, spike length, spike density, number of spikes/plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield /plant under both conditions as well as number of grains/spike under normal irrigation only. The average degree of dominance was more than unity, confirming the importance of over-dominance in the genetic of these traits. under both conditions, the regression lines cut Wr axis above point of origin for days to heading, showing that partial dominance mode of inheritance for this character through additive gene action. On the other hand, it cuts Wr axis below origin for grain yield/plant, demonstrating that over-dominance gene effects are the prevailed type.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4706_3e0f9c6bf488bf4977dba76d224f00da.pdf
2017-12-01
337
356
10.21608/agro.2017.1388.1069
Bread wheat
diallel
Drought stress
Combining ability
gene action
Naglaa
Qabil
naglaaqabil82@yahoo.com
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Ridge Width and Cropping System on Productivity and Land Use Efficiency in Faba Bean-Flax Intercrops
T WO FIELD experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. The study to investigate the performance of two faba bean varieties, i.e. Giza- 843 and Giza- 2 when intercropped with flax to productivity, land use efficiency, farmer's benefit and control broomrape in faba bean fields under two ridge widths. The experiment included 8 treatments which were the combination of two ridge widths (60 and 120 cm), two cropping systems (intercropping and solid planting) and two faba bean varieties (Giza- 2 and Giza- 843). The experimental design was a split- split plot design in randomized complete block arrangement with three replications. The results indicated that increasing ridge width from 60 to 120 cm decreased number of Orobanche crenata m-2 but it increased seed yield of the intercrops plant-1 and ha-1. Intercropping flax with faba bean decreased number of Orobanche crenata -2 and seed yield plant-1 and ha-1 of both intercrop components. Faba bean cv. Giza- 843 recorded the lowest values of number of Orobanche crenata m-2 and the highest values of yield and its attributes compared to Giza- 2 variety. Also, faba bean cv. Giza- 843 affected negatively seed yield of flax and its attributes. Most of the studied faba bean and flax traits were affected significantly by the interactions. The amount of fatty acids in flax seed was approximately 12.5 to 14.5% saturated (8.3 to 9.2% of palmitic acid and 4.2 to 5.3% of stearic acid) and 81.7 % to 85.2 % unsaturated fatty acids (20.9 to 22.3% of oleic acid, 13.0 to 14.2 % of ώ6 and 47.8 to 48.7% of ώ3). Total unsaturated fatty acids were not affected significantly by ridge width x cropping system x faba bean variety. Land equivalent ratio (LER) ranged from 1.63 for intercropping flax with Giza- 2 variety in ridges 60 cm width to 1.86 for intercropping flax with Giza- 843 variety in ridges 120 cm width. Land equivalent coefficient (LEC) exceeded 0.25. The dominance analysis proved that faba bean and flax plants are dominant and dominated components, respectively. The results show that intercropping flax with faba bean variety Giza- 843 in ridges 120 cm width achieved US$ 608.0 ha-1 compared to solid planting of faba bean variety Giza- 2 in ridges 60 cm width. Intercropping flax with faba bean variety Giza- 843 in ridges 120 cm width decreased number of Orobanche crenata m-2 and achieved high yield, LER and net return without any negative effect on total unsaturated fatty acids of flax seed oil compared to the other treatments.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4718_97a26be07985b79b42cc96b8fd3e9ee9.pdf
2017-12-01
357
381
10.21608/agro.2017.1591.1073
Intercropping
Faba bean
Flax
Orobanche crenata
fatty acids
competitive relationships
net return
Sayed
Safina
drsayedsafina@agr.cu.edu.eg
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Variability of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals-Contaminated Soil
SOIL contaminated with heavy metals negatively affects both the groundwater quality and the food production system. Heavy metals can be remediated from contaminated soil by phytoextraction. This study aims to illustrate the possible use of barley genotypes as a cheap, effective, safe and sustainable way to remediate contaminated soil. A set of 17 genotypes, including Egyptian and German varieties and wild accessions were sown under heavy metals contaminated and uncontaminated soil in a potted experiment for two years (2015/2016 and 2016/2017). Heavy metals concentrations including Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn were measured in grains and leaves, separately, for each genotype under contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Results showed that genotypes differed in their capability to accumulate different heavy metals in either grains or leaves. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between Al, Cr, Cu and Zn concentrations in grains under uncontaminated and contaminated soils. In conclusion, mixture of barley’s genotypes including Heines-Hanns, ICB 180410, Giza-126, Giza-129, Giza-130, Giza-2000, Pasadena and Barke might be used to remediate contaminated soil.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4769_e858b15b997aff9664ba5e44652dac23.pdf
2017-12-01
383
399
10.21608/agro.2017.1841.1078
Phytoextraction
Barley
Wastewater
Heavy metals
variability
Mohamed
Ali
mali@aun.edu.eg
1
Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Emad
Salem
emadmms@yahoo.com
2
Plant Production Dept., Ecology & Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammed
Sayed
m_abdelaziz59@yahoo.com
3
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Sugar Beet Growth, Productivity and Quality to Foliar Application of Different Forms of Boron Microelement and Number of Sprays Under New Reclaimed Soil Conditions
T WO FIELD experiments were carried out in private farm (new reclaimed soil) at El Fayoum Governorate, Egypt during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons. These experiments aimed to study the effect of foliar application of different forms of boron microelement and number of sprays, i.e. control treatment (without), Borfam (one spray (I)), Borfam (two sprays (II)), Boric acid (one spray (I)), Boric acid (two sprays (II)), Borax (one spray (I)) and Borax (two sprays (II)) on growth, productivity and quality of sugar beet crop under new reclaimed soil conditions.Results showed that:•Sugar beet plants treated with Borfam treatment gave the highest values of effective root length, root diameter, root fresh weight, leaves fresh weight and root/leaves ratio (after 150 days from sowing) these values were 23.4 (cm), 18.4 (cm), 1410 (g/plant), 825 (g/plant) and 1.71, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest values of the previous traits were recorded with the control treatment (without boron application).•The results also showed that after 180 days from sowing Borfam (II) treatment recorded the highest values of root and leaves fresh weight, root/leaves ratio, root diameter, effective root length and photosynthetic pigments followed by Borfam (I).•At harvest Borfam (II) treatment showed superiority in all root parameters, i.e. root diameter (52.33 cm), root length (32.00 cm) and root weight (3755 g/plant).•The highest values of root yield (34.63 ton/fad), top yield (7.773 ton/fad), sugar yield (6.00 ton/fad), sucrose percentage (18.86%) and extractable sugar percentage (17.33%) were recorded with Borfam (II) treatment followed by Borfam (I) treatment, while the lowest values were recorded with control treatment (without boron application).
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4789_a7e2c298b3ff5b1d5391d6dc85cff27c.pdf
2017-12-01
401
410
10.21608/agro.2017.1948.1082
Sugar beet
Boron forms
foliar application
root
top and sugar yields
Quality
Mohamed
Abd El-hady
doctorelhady@gmail.com
1
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nitrogen Rates on Dry Matter Cumulation and Nitrogen Partition of Wheat Plants Under Different Planting Methods
T WO FIELD trials were conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University, Kalubia, Egypt during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons to investigate the response of wheat to nitrogen fertilizer rates under different planting methods. Each experiment contained twelve treatments which were the combination of four planting methods (Broadcasting (conventional tilled flat method), rows (20 cm apart), ridge (ridge width 60 cm) and bed (bed width 120 cm)) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (60, 80 and 100 kg Nitrogen/fad (faddan = 4200 m2). Design of experiments was split plot design with three replications, where planting methods in the main plot and nitrogen rates in the sub plots. Data revealed that planting methods and nitrogen rats were significant affected on dry weight of wheat plant organs. Leaves; tillers and spikes dry weight (g/m2) were markedly increased with increasing nitrogen rates (60, 80 and 100 kg N/fad). Weight of leaves was markedly decreased by progressing plants towards maturity. On the other hand, N use efficiency (NUE) and nitrogen physiological efficiency (NPE) exhibiting maximum values, they were 42.68 kg grains/kg applied nitrogen and 43.45 kg grains/kg of N absorbed, respectively when plants were fertilized with 60 kg N/fad followed by adding 80 and 100 kg N/fad. Planting wheat on bed exhibited statistically maximum leaves, tillers and spikes dry weight (g/m2) in comparable to the other plant methods during phenological stages of wheat growth. Planting wheat on bed exhibiting maximum nitrogen use efficiency (42.50 kg grains/kg N applied) and nitrogen physiological efficiency (43.28 kg grains/kg N absorbed). Grain nitrogen yield (GNY), straw nitrogen yield (SNY) and total nitrogen yield (TNY), were increased by increasing nitrogen rates up to 100 kg N/fad under sowing methods treatment. Meanwhile 60 or 80 kg N/fad exhibited maximum values of NUE and N recovery efficiency (NRE) under sowing on ridge or on bed.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4790_10e530836dbebd05eb4cf760809b99d8.pdf
2017-12-01
411
420
10.21608/agro.2017.1922.1080
<i> Triticum aestivum </i>
Wheat
planting methods
Nitrogen rates
Dry matter accumulation
Nitrogen partitioning efficiency
Mohamed
El Temsah
dreltemsah@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Wheat Yield, Its Components and Technological Characteristics to Different Nitrogen Rates and Planting Methods
TWO FIELD trials were conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University, Kalubia, Egypt during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons to investigate the response of wheat to nitrogen fertilizer rates under different planting methods. Each experiment contained twelve treatments which were the combination of four planting methods (broadcasting (conventional tilled flat method), rows (20cm apart), ridge (ridge width 60 cm) and bed (bed width 120 cm)) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (60, 80 and 100 kg Nitrogen/ fad (faddan = 4200 m2)). Design of experiments was split plot design with three replications where planting methods in the main plot and nitrogen rates in the sub plots. Data indicated that applying 100 kg N/fad gave the highest yield attributes, which reflected its yield parameters and produced significant maximum grain yield (3421.6 kg/fad) followed by 80 kg N/fad (3158.0 kg/fad) and 60 kg N/fad (2574.9 kg/fad). Applied 100 kg N scored maximal test weight, 1000 grain weight, vitreosness, wet and dry gluten. Highest number of grains per main spike was obtained when crop was sown on raised bed (68.33 grain/main spike) versus the minimal value in case of sowing broadcasting (58.78 grain/main spike). In addition, all studied yield parameters gave the highest valuses due to sowing on raised bed than others planting methods. Grain, straw and biological yields were at maximal values when wheat plants sown on raised bed being 3334.0, 5175.6 and 8487.4 kg/fad, respectively. On other hand, vitreosness, wet and dry gluten scored the highest values when wheat plants were sown in broadcasting. Meanwhile, the application of 80 kg N/fad exhibited maximum values of main spike weight (6.08 g) and grains No of main spike (72.33 grains/main spike) with sowing wheat plants on raised bed. Grain yield was at the maximal values (3604.0 kg/fad) when wheat plants were sown on raised bed with application of 80 kg N/fad. Test weight, 1000-grain weight, and dry gluten were significantly varied among nitrogen fertilizer rates and sowing methods.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4791_1c694b77bdd4f5767883aaeadd06cdf2.pdf
2017-12-01
421
429
10.21608/agro.2017.1923.1081
<i> Triticum aestivum </i>
Wheat
planting methods
Nitrogen rates
yield
Yield components and Technological characteristics
Mohamed
El Temsah
dreltemsah@agr.asu.edu.eg
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Devolopment of Some Canola Genotypes to Salinity Tolerance Using Tissue Culture Technique
T HIS WORK was carried out during 2011- 2015 in the laboratories of Cell Research Department (CRD), Field Crops Research Institute (FCRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, as well as, in the greenhouse of Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Egypt, to study the variation among canola varieties in response to salt tolerance through tissue culture propagation. This work was aimed to establish a regeneration protocol for canola genotypes, production of salt-tolerance plants through selection of salt-tolerance callus via somaclonal variation and subsequent regeneration of plantlets from such callus. Four genotypes of canola were used for establishment a regeneration protocol, Bingo and Torpe were uesed as highly salt tolerant genotypes while, Conny and Siberian as susceptible genotypes. The results indicated that MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-D was the successive medium for callus formation and shoot regeneration was obtained from MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BA + 0.05 NAA, while, 1mg/l IBA was the better growth regulator for rooting.For in vitro selection of salt tolerant calli, Torpe (genotype overcomes the others in calli survival percentages under 8000, 12000 and 16000 ppm NaCl concentrations. The results of shoot frequency from tolerant calli cleared that Torpe genotype recorded the highest value of shoot percentage followed by Bingo genotype, whereas, Conny followed by Siberian genotypes were recorded the lowest values. At 16000 ppm NaCl concentration, only tolerant calli of Torpe genotype was able to initiat shoot under this concentration. For acclamatization after regeneration from the tolerant calli, only five salt tolerant plantlets developed from Torpe genotype and eight salt tolerant plantlets developed from Siberian genotype that succeeded to complete their life cycle and reached maturity stage and produced seeds. These regenerated genotypes were referred as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, the five regenerated plants developed from Torpe genotype that tolerate NaCl concentration up to 16000 ppm, as well as, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S8, the eight regenerated plants developed from Siberian genotype that tolerate NaCl concentration up to 12000 ppm.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4885_46ef47f3d3bb65b9458ce3d84462e420.pdf
2017-12-01
431
448
10.21608/agro.2017.1949.1083
<i> Brassica napus </i>
canola
Regeneration
In vitro selection
salt stress
Ramadan
Abdrabou
ramdan1951@hotmail.com
1
Agron. Dept., Fac. of Agri., Ain shams Uni. Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed Abdelhamid
Fergani
fergani70@gmail.com
2
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Clara
Azzam
clara_azzam@yahoo.com
3
Cell Res. Dept., Field Crop Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nahid
Morsi
nahidaa66@yahoo.com
4
Cell Res. Dept. (CRD), Field Crops Res. Inst. (FCRI). Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Two Patterns of Intercropping Soybean with Maize on Yield and Its Components under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels
TWO FIELD experiments were carried out at Zarzoura, Itay El-Baroud, Agricultural Research Station, El-Behaira Governorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt during 2014 and 2015 seasons to study the effects of three nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield components under two intercropping soybean/maize patterns. The results indicated that, the highest ear length, ear diameter, No. of rows per ear, grain yield per ear (for maize), seed yield per fad (for soybean) and the better (the lowest) competitive ratio values were found with treatment intercropping patterns 2 maize: 4 soybean (CP2). While the highest grain yield per fad (for maize), No. of pods per plant, seed yield per plant (for soybean), total LER (land equivalent ratio), the percentage land saved, total AYL (actual yield loss) and WUE (water use efficiency) values were occurred under intercropping patterns 2 maize: 2 soybean (CP1).Moreover, plant height, ear length, No. of grains per row, grain yield per fad, ear height, ear diameter, No. of rows per ear, grain yield per ear,100- grains weight (for maize), plant height, No. of branches per plant, No. of pods per plant, seed yield per plant and per fad (for soybean), total LER, the percentage land saved, total AYL, aggressivity and WUE values were increased with the increment in nitrogen level, and the highest values were obtained with 120 kg/fad, while the lowest values were obtained with 80 kg/fad. On the other hand, No. of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight for soybean had a negative relationship with the level of nitrogen applied and its highest values were obtained with 80 kg/fad.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_4886_c960ccc632c7afc870be53144ecb09dc.pdf
2017-12-01
449
466
10.21608/agro.2017.1627.1074
Competition characters
Equivalent yield
Intercropping patterns
Maize and soybean yields
Net return and nitrogen levels
Emadeldeen
Rashwan
plant_breeding2000@yahoo.com
1
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Atef
Zeneldin
atefmasoud40@gmail.com
2
Intensification Crops Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Etayelbaroud, Egypt.
AUTHOR