eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
1
17
10.21608/agro.2019.14981.1171
68000
Original Article
Diallel Analysis of Maize Inbreds for Grain Yield, Protein and Tryptophan Content
Mohamed Ali
mali@aun.edu.eg
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
ADOPTION of quality protein maize in Egyptian maize breeding programs would maximize the nutritional value of maize products. However, the assessment of adaptability of exotic quality protein maize germplasms is an important step before incorporating them in breeding programs. The current studies consisted of two experiments including a preliminary evaluation of some exotic quality protein maize inbreds and combine eight adapted elite inbreds into a half-diallel cross. The current study revealed that CML158 exhibited the highest significant general combining ability effect with an average grain yield/plant of 53.0g. While CML492 contained the highest percentages of both protein (14.5%) and tryptophan (1.02%) with the highest values of general combining ability effects. Based on specific combining ability, the best parental combination for grain yield/plant was CML182×CML184, which yielded 239g and exceeded the average grain yield/plant of all hybrids (201.5g). It seems that CML143 possesses favorable alleles for increasing the percentage of protein (CML143×CML557) and tryptophan (CML158×CML491 and CML143×CML182) because it was a common parent in the best parental combinations for both traits. Mid-parent heterosis % varied from trait to trait; however, the highest amount of heterosis was detected in grain yield/plant due to its polygenic state. In conclusion, superior hybrids in yield and quality were detected. These hybrids need further evaluations across years and locations to assess stability. These hybrids can be considered as a cheap and sustainable source of high protein and tryptophan content for human consumption, which might play a magnificent role in food security in Egypt.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_68000_5d9de8b7d728b488432279d2c4368bca.pdf
Quality protein maize
General combining ability
Specific combining ability
Heterosis
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
19
34
10.21608/agro.2020.19220.1191
68001
Original Article
Characterization of Virulence and Diversity of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici on Wheat in Egypt
Doaa Elnaggar
doaaelnaggar98@yahoo.com
1
Walid Elorabay
walid_elorabay2014@hotmail.com
2
Mohamed Gad
mohamedabo2002@yahoo.com
3
Gamalat A. Hermas
4
Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
STEM rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is a destructive disease of wheat in Egypt and worldwide. Survey of wheat stem rust samples and identification of physiological races using twenty single Sr genes are very important in describing virulence pattern variation, the geographical distribution of stem rust pathotypes, and how its change in response to host selection. Variability in the population of the causal organism was determined using samples collected from wheat-growing areas in Egypt for two growing seasons, that is, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The results obtained showed significant variability in pathotypes, which are different from season to season. In the course of this study, a total of 104 and 40 stem rust samples were collected in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017, respectively from different wheat-growing areas in six governorates of Egypt, that is, Beheira, Kafr-Elsheikh, Sharqiya, Minufiya, Bani Sweif, and Sohag. A total of 70 and 53 physiologic races were isolated from samples collected in the previous growing seasons and identified in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. The most frequent races included TKTTC (18.25%) and TTTTC (17.46%) in 2016/2017 as well as PKSTC (6.25%), BBBBC (4.69%) and PKSTH (4.69%) in 2017/2018. For 2016/2017, 24 pathotypes were identified in Kafr-Elsheikh, which consider the largest population size (34.28%), while for 2017/2018, the Sharqiya governorate considered to be the largest population size (49.05%). Cluster analysis based on percentage frequency of virulence of P. graminis race groups in different locations showed that in the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons, two main clusters were formed. Lines with Sr 24, Sr 38 and Sr 31 genes were showed the highest gene efficacy, while the other genes showed different reactions against the tested pathotypes.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_68001_6417407c07e2b51b6ce1d6de30fc7c4c.pdf
Wheat
P. graminis
Race identification
Virulence frequency
Geographical distribution
cluster analysis
phenotypic diversity
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
35
46
10.21608/agro.2020.18518.1187
68998
Original Article
Estimation of Straw, Seed and Oil Yields for Flax Plants ( Linum usitatissimum L.) Cultivars of Foliar Application of Mn, Fe and Zn under Dry Environment
Salah Emam
sme00@fayoum.edu.eg
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
TWO years field work were accomplished at Demo experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 years to study the effect of Mn, Fe and Zn foliar spraying on three flax cultivars productivity. The arrangement of split-plot in RCBD with three replications was applied. Three flax cultivars (Sakha-1, Sakha-2 and Giza-9) occupied the main plots while, three micro-nutrients levels (Zero, 300 and 600ppm fed-1) distributed in the sub-plot. The form of applied micro-nutrients was EDTA 13% Mn, EDDHSA 6% Fe and EDTA 14% Zn. Results showed that Sakha-1 exceeded other cultivars in straw yield parameters (i.e., plant height, technical stem height and straw yield. While, Sakha-2 cultivar gave utmost values of stem diameter and number of branches plant-1 as well as seed yield traits (i.e., number of fruiting branches plant-1, fruiting zone length, number of capsules plant-1, 1000-seed weight and seed and oil yields. Seed oil and micro-nutrients (Mn, Fe and Zn) content were highest with Sakha-2 variety. Micro-nutrients foliar spraying at 600ppm/ feddan gave significantly the highest values for all traits two years as compared to zero or 300ppm/feddan. There are two traits, i.e., 1000-seed weight and number of fruiting branches plant-1 in 2015/2016 year and two ones, i.e., seed yield plant-1 and number of capsules plant-1 in 2016/2017 year, were significantly (P≤0.001) participated to variation in seed yield/feddan.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_68998_9819821a012302599303d461fc9f6230.pdf
Flax
cultivars
Micro-nutrients
Dry environment
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
47
61
10.21608/agro.2020.18986.1189
69286
Original Article
Effect of Tryptophan and Ascorbic Acid on Yield and Some Chemical Constituents of Lupine ( Lupines termis L.) Plants
Yasser A. M. Khalifa
yasserbeet@yahoo.com
1
Gamal F. Abd El-Naem
gamalfakhaty62540@yahoo.com
2
Mohamed A. Mahmoud
salahfarag2016@gimal.com
3
Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture Alzhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
Agriculture Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Agriculture Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al Azahr University, Assuit Branch, Assiut, Egypt
A field experiment was carried out during seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to study the effects of spraying Tryptophan and Ascorbic acid on yield components and chemical composition of plants . using two cultivars Giza-1 and Giza-2 of lupine plants. Foliar spray of Tryptophan at rate (Trp. : 25 and 50 mg /L) Ascorbic acid (A A: 100 and 200 mg /L)either alone, or their combination and control. The effect of the previous treatments on some vegetative growth criteria namely{ plant height (cm), pod length (cm), number of branches/ plant, weight of 100 seeds, and seed yield / plant(g) and seed yield / fed(ton) } wear investigated as well as chemical composition such as, total nitrogen, crude protein (CP),total soluble sugars (TSS), crude lipids (CL), total alkaloids (TAs), and total phenolic compounds (TPCs). Results indicated that foliar application Tryptophan and Ascorbic acid significantly improve yield and chemical composition. Trp. was more effective than A. A. in raising lupine yield, significantly increased yield of lupine plants, plant height (cm), pod length (cm), number of branches/ plant, weight of 100 seeds and seed yield/ plant(g) and seed yield / fed(ton). Total nitrogen, crude protein (CP),total soluble sugars (TSS), crude lipids (CL), total alkaloid (TAs), and total phenolic compounds (TPCs). in seeds lupine were significantly enhancement by mounting Trp. from 25to 50 mg /L and/or A.A. concentrations up to 100 and 200 mg/L.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_69286_5d746154451f6b3abd83e649a5779d02.pdf
ascorbic acid
Chemical composition
Lupinus termis L
tryptophan
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
63
78
10.21608/agro.2020.19752.1194
69386
Original Article
Influence of Intercropping Cowpea with some Maize Hybrids and N Nano-Mineral Fertilization on Productivity in Salinity Soil
Yasser El-Ghobashy
dryasser80g@gmail.com
1
Amira Elmehy
amiraelmehy123@yahoo.com
2
Kamal El-Douby
eldouby.ka@gmail.com
3
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
A TWO-year field experiment was carried out at El-Serw Agricultural Research Station, during the 2018 and 2019 seasons to study the effect of intercropping cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) with three maize (Zea mays L) hybrids (SC 168, SC176 and TWC 321) and four N fertilization treatments (120kg N/fed as urea (100% N mineral), 50% N mineral + 50% N nano, 75% N mineral + 25% N nano and 3.0cm3 N nano/ L (100% N nano) on maize and cowpea productivity, land use efficiency and economic return. A split-plot design with three replicates was used. Results showed that maize hybrids had significant effect on yield and yield attributes of maize and cowpea in both seasons, with some exception. The S.C.168 hybrid gave the highest grain yield and its components, while intercropping cowpea with S.C.176 hybrid significantly increased yield and its attributes of cowpea in comparison with other hybrids. Applying 75% N mineral along with 25% N nano significantly increased growth, yield and yield components of maize and cowpea in both seasons. Significantly increase in yield and its attributes of maize and cowpea was realized by interaction between maize SC168 and 75% N mineral +25% N nano fertilization. Intercropping cowpea with maize SC168 that received 75% of the N mineral + 25% nano fertilizer recorded the highest LER 1.67 and 1.66, ATER 1.59 and 1.58, Aggressivity 0.28 and 0.23, gross return15865 and 15854 L.E./fed and net return 7983 and 7972L.E./fed in first and second seasons, respectively, as well as rationalizing the use of N mineral fertilizers.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_69386_d87919d1a0058797c3b8cdb895bee8bf.pdf
Conventional urea (N mineral)
Nano urea (N nano)
Land equivalent ratio (LER)
Area time equivalent ratio (ATER)
Total income
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
79
91
10.21608/agro.2020.21968.1201
69750
Original Article
Sequential Path Analysis for Determining the Interrelationships between Yield and its Components in Peanut
M. W. Sh. Mahmoud
elsayedaliabdelhamid@gmail.com
1
Eman Hussein
mo_eman@hotmail.com
2
Karim Ashour
karim_statistic@yahoo.com
3
Oil Crops Section, Field Crop Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
Central Laboratory for Design and Statistical Analysis Research, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
THE CURRENT work was carried out at the Agriculture Research Station of East Al-Eweinat, New Valley Governorate to evaluate the yield potential of 16 peanut genotypes during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. The used experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Correlation coefficients were computed between pod yields and its related attributes as well as normal and sequential path analysis models were automated to obtain information on the direct and indirect effects of important traits affecting pod yields for using them as selection criteria in future peanut breeding programs. Results showed that genotypes 7, 11 and 16 produced the heaviest pod yields while genotypes 13 and 15 recorded the lowest pod yields. Concerning the normal path analysis model, several undesirable symptoms were obtained indicating the presence of multicollinearity problem. Subsequently, the poor estimators of normal path analysis model, as a result of multicollinearity, enough to reject the normal form of path analysis. Statistically, more precise results were obtained using the sequential path analysis model. Results revealed that the pod yields depended primarily upon pod weight per plant and number of pods per plant as first-order variables accounted for nearly 98% of the variation in pod yields. The maximum positive direct effects were obtained by pods weight per plant (0.91) followed by number of pods per plant (0.14) indicting that the indirect selection for pod yields through these traits would be effective for peanut improvement. The second-order path analysis showed that seeds weight per plant had the considerable positive direct and indirect effects toward each of number of pods per plant and pods weight per plant. In fact, the sequential path analysis gave a somewhat different picture from what the normal model path analysis did.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_69750_05f4c5be3299a52b0294154c3e6fd545.pdf
Peanut
Selection criterion
Sequential Path Analysis
eng
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
0379-3575
2357-0288
2020-04-01
42
1
93
103
10.21608/agro.2020.23157.1203
84968
Original Article
Situation of Water Use Efficiency in Egyptian Agriculture during the Period 2012-2016
Nayera Soliemal
neyera_solieman@hotmail.com
1
Rania M. Barghash
raniabarghash@gmail.com
2
Hamdy A. Sawalhy
hamdi_sawalhy@hotmail.com
3
Agricultural Economics Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
Agricultural Economics Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
Agricultural Economics Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
THE CURRENT research aims to enrich efforts exerted to increase crop production efficiency, which requires improving water use efficiency without posing negative impacts on the quantity or quality of water at the level of inlets. The most important results of the study were that the amount of losses in irrigation water reached its highest value between the field and the dam by about 7.815 billion m3, while the amount of water lost between the dam and heads of irrigation canals reached about 5.525 billion m3, but between the heads of the canals and the field it reached about 2.288 billion m3. The productivity efficiency of the irrigation water unit, the net return of the irrigation water unit, the return of the invested pound, and the ratio of irrigation costs to total costs reached its maximum value in winter crops compared to summer crops at the level of the Republic. Finally, the research recommended that the government perform periodic maintenance of irrigation water canals along various stages, especially in Upper Egypt.
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_84968_8d4a5b508f57229c2c6cdd9f5ca40c97.pdf
Economic and technical efficiency
Egyptian agriculture
Irrigation Water
productivity