Phenotypic and Genotypic Variability in a Set of Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes
Ismail
Bedawy
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt, Sohag, Egypt
author
Naheif
Mohamed
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt, Sohag, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
TOTALLY, 86 sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes were used for the study of phenotypic and genotypic variability in summer seasons of 2015 and 2016. They were differed significantly values for all studied traits in both seasons. The genotypes mean ranged widely around the general mean in the studied traits. 67.4, 40.7, 46.5 and 48.8% of the genotypes were raised than the average for plant height (159.05cm), capsule length (2.56cm), thousand seed weight (3.65g) and seed yield per plant (14.38g). While 51.2% of genotypes were higher than the average of first capsule height, length of fruiting zone and capsules number per plant in the first season. The higher phenotypic values than overall mean observed as 53.5, 51.2, 52.3, 54.7, 40.7, 48.8 and 48.8% for the plant height, the first capsule height, the fruiting zone length, the capsule number per plant, the capsule length, the thousand seed weight and the seed yield per plant in the second year, respectively. Also, high values (>20%) of phenotypic coefficient variations (PCV) and genotypic coefficients of variations (GCV) were recorded in the first capsule height in both seasons. However, moderate values of genetic advance (GA) were observed for the plant height (18.49) in both seasons and (17.52 & 16.94) for the fruiting zone length in the first and second seasons coupled with high heritability. Higher heritability coupled with high genetic advance estimates (>20) were recorded for the first capsule height (26.05 and 25.85) and the capsules number per plant (22.55 and 26.11) in both seasons. This is indicates that these traits controlled by additive gene action and mostly which is very useful for selection efficiency.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
193
205
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_18193_fe58279aba3b52c5d5d0548d907b990e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.4719.1108
Enhancement of Yield and Quality of Sugarcane by Applied Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Filter Cake
Mohamed
Bekheet
Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Gadallah
Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
author
Yasser
Khalifa
Agron. Department, Faculty of Agriculture. Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
THE PRESENT investigation was carried out at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag Governorate (latitude of 26°33'N, longitude of 31°41'E and Altitude of 69m), in the two successive seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 to investigate the effect of study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and filter cake on yield and quality of sugarcane. The filed experimental work was carried out in a Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) using a split-split plot arrangement in three replications in both growing seasons.The results showed that increasing nitrogen levels from 150 up to 210kg N/fad resulted in a significant increase in plant length, diameter, stalk weight, number of millable canes, cane and sugar yields, as well as brix, sucrose, quality and sugar recovery percentages in both seasons.Super phosphate addition by rates 30kg P2O5/fad resulted in a significant increase in plant length, diameter, number of millable canes, stalk weight and cane and sugar yields, as well as brix, sucrose and sugar recovery percentages in both seasons.Results showed that the addition of filter cake by 4tons/fad give a significant increase in plant length, diameter, number of millable canes, stalk weight, cane and sugar yields, as well as brix, sucrose and sugar recovery percentages in both seasons.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
207
221
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_18194_afbb48dd50fc3f424bc523e9fa92ec19.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.4924.1110
Yield Gap Associated with Crop Management in Wheat (Case Study: Ardabil Province-Parsabad Moghan)
Asgar
Shirinzadeh
Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Hossein
Heidari Sharif Abad
Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Ghorban
Nourmohammadi
Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Eslam
Haravan
Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Hamid
Madani
Department of Agronomy, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
TO INVESTIGATE the factors affecting irrigated wheat yield loss, compared to the attainable yield, a non systematic survey experiment was conducted in 60 fields in the city of Parsabad-Moghan, during two years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 using Comparative Performance Analysis (CPA). Sampling of wheat fields was performed randomly from 5 different points of each farm using a square meter. All the information about management operations, soil and crop characteristics including seed bed preparation, planting date, varieties and their site preparation, seed rate, planting ways, weeds control ways, amount and timing of herbicides and fungicide use and wheat harvest time were recorded during a seasonal year using questionnaire. At the end of the seasonal year, the actual yield harvested by farmer’s was recorded. Among the various parameters, planting time, spike density, the number of split application of urea, land preparation operations, farmer experience and repeated use of fungicides had significant effects on wheat yield. The results showed that the average actual yield (6431.85kg/ha) and attainable yield (8749.27kg/ha), were different with a gap of 2317.42kg per hectare. The share of each of the factors were: Wheat planting time of yield gap 18%, spike density, 29%, the split application of urea 20%, land preparation operations 4.6%, farmer experience 14.3%, repeated use of fungicides 13.4%. The improvisation cases referred above can reduced yield gap and increase yield to more than 8.7ton/ha.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
223
236
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_19518_2f3bfcf8bf0371fc9ef473577911ee30.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.3708.1103
Genetic Diversity among Faba Bean Hybrids in Relation with Heterosis Using Molecular and Agronomic Data
Amal
Abd EL-Mageed
Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
GENETIC diversity was examined in relation to heterosis. Five Egyptian faba bean cultivars were crossed in a full diallel mating system to produce twenty hybrids. The multivariate analysis of diversity based on six characters related to productivity indicated the existence of considered genetic diversity and showed genotypes into five clusters by two methods analysis of genetic distances based on RAPD analysis and Euclidean distances based on mean values of studied agronomy traits. Parents and their F1 hybrids were distributed into different clusters. Results of the RAPD technique by using five primers showed a great extent of significant variations with 67.59% polymorphism percent and a high number of unique bands. Sakha 1 and Giza 843 cultivars have a good effect on most studied traits in their hybrids. H13, H17 and H18 are a superiority hybrids; it has high positive significant values of heterosis percentage over mid parents for all yield and yield components traits. While H19 and H20 hybrids have positive significant heterosis for all studied traits except 100 seeds weight.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
237
249
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_19515_347c431c96c438c4392f36ed100f4048.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.5036.1112
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Yield and its Related Traits in Sorghum bicolor
Alaa
Said
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
author
Ralf
Uptmoor
Department of Agronomy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
author
Mohamed
El-Soda
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
YIELD and its related traits; heading date, hundred kernel weight and kernels number as well as harvest index and biological yield are complex traits that require the concerted action of many genes and are affected by environmental cues. To genetically dissect those traits, 140 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) genotyped with 120 DArT and SSR markers were grown under field conditions in the two consecutive growing seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 in Sohag, Egypt. A part from KN and HI, our results did show significant interaction between genotypes and the growing seasons(GxS). The observed GxS was reflected by an interaction between the significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) and the growing seasons (QTLxS). In total, we report 13 significant QTL associated with HD, KW, SN, HI, and YLD, of which four QTL showed conditional neutrality as they were significant only in the second season. We observed significant negative correlation between HD and SN, HKW and YLD suggesting that selecting for early heading RILs with long grain filling period would increase the total yield, an observation that could be genetically dissected by the QTL cluster on LG-6. The associated markers mapped here can be used in breeding programs to select for favorable adaptive mechanisms, which is very crucial to meet the food requirement of an increasing human population.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
251
259
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_19519_7abd8e0118c5d1dbd074b60ebd99680e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.5431.1113
Combining Ability, Heritability and Heterosis Estimates in Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L.) under Two Water Regimes
Soad
Mahmoud
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Amal
Abd EL-Mageed
Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Enas
Ibrahim
Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
IN ORDER to study drought tolerance among faba bean genotypes, five cultivars of faba bean, Giza 843 (P1), Giza 3 (P2), Maser 3 (P3), Sakha 3 (P4) and Sakha 1 (P5) were used for carrying out half diallel mating design in 2014/2015 winter season to study combining ability, heritability and heterosis for growth, leaf anatomical, photosynthetic pigments and yield characteristics under stress condition. Parents and their crosses were evaluated in a yield trial, in 2015/2016 winter season under two water regimes which were well-watered (100% from ETo) and severe water stress (60% from ETo) at the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. Results were showed highly significant of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability for all measured characters under two water deficit, indicating that GCA and SCA were important in the inheritance of these traits. The results of studied characters were indicated that the majority of crosses exhibited highly significant heterosis estimates for mid parents (MP). Heritability in narrow sense was low to moderate and ranged from 1.68 to 58.6%. These results showed that these characters were greatly influenced by dominance and environmental condition. All preceding parents were studied to be good general combiners for its distinct characters. Also, results recommend that three of parental genotypes; P5, P2 and P4 were good combiners to improve the most characters and could be used as genetic resources for drought tolerance. The cross P1xP5 showed good SCA effects and significant values of heterosis for most characters under two water regimes. Also, the three crosses, P3xP4 (for growth characters), P1xP2 for (anatomical characters) and P2xP5 (for photosynthetic pigments characters and seed yield/plant) exhibited desirable SCA effects and significant heterosis values under two water regimes. These crosses might be used in faba bean breeding programs to produce pure lines have high yielding ability and drought tolerance.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
261
284
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_20383_657d4c0ca9e1a8695907007a0782e2de.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.4757.1109
Chlorophyll, Carotenoids Pigments and Growth of Three Onion Cultivars as Affected by Saline Water Irrigation
M. Moursy
Hussein
Water Relations and Irrigation Department, Agriculture Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
S.Y.
El-Faham
Food Technology Department, Food Technology and Nutrition Division,
National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
A POT experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt during winter season of 2014/2015 to evaluate the effect of salt stress from diluted seawater (tap water, 2000, 4000 and 6000ppm) on growth, yield and chemical composition of three onion varieties (Giza 6, Giza 20 and Behary red). Nether top height nor the number of green leaves cleared any significant difference between the used three varieties. Furthermore, the bulb/top ratio or bulb/whole plant ratio of Giza 6 plants exceeded those of Giza 20 or Behary red. Behary red leaves showed the lowest values of Chl. a, Chl. b, total carotenoids and Chl. a+Chl. b. However, the highest values of these parameters were detected in the leaves of plants of Giza 20 variety and those for Giza 6 comes in between. Top height decreased but the number of green leaves did not affect by salt stress. However, the top and whole plant dry weight drastically depressed by increase salt concentration in water of irrigation (diluted seawater). Nevertheless, bulb to top ratio and bulb to whole plant ratio (in dry weight basis) increased as the salt level increased in the root media. The results also indicated that salinity promoting the concentration of these pigments and this promotion increased until 4000ppm salt level and tended to decrease with the highest level used but still more than the control.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
285
296
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_22857_6fecb760a0726da2e88b820b6a8aff20.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.5738.1125
Potential Role of Cropping System and Integrated Nutrient Management on Nutrients Uptake and Utilization by Maize Grown in Calcareous Soil
Mostafa
Selim
Department of Field Crops Research, Agricultural Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
HIGH concentration of CaCO3, pH and EC, are among the main constraints affecting soil health, nutrients solubility, availability and lower productivity. Managing agronomic practices are the best way for insuring soil deterioration. Field experiments, in split plot design, were carried out in two summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 years at Nobaria, Behaira Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the effect of cropping systems and nutrients management on the nutrients uptake and utilize by maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment included three intercropping systems viz., sole maize ; cereal/cereal and cereal/legume and four fertilization treatments viz., recommended dose of NPK (control); half of recommended dose; half of recommended dose+organic manure (compost) 30m3 ha-1 and half of recommended dose+organic manure (compost) 30m3 ha-1+inoculation seeds with multi strains microbial bacteria. Results confirmed that maize/legumes intercropped resulted in superior nutrients uptake and robust improvements in yield advantages. Additionally, intercropped maize/legumes and application the half dose of the recommended chemical fertilizers alongside 30m3 ha-1 of organic manure and seed inoculation with bacteria could mitigate soil nutrients deficiency, increased N, P, K and remaining an increase of final grain yields by 14.47% and 26.41% in both seasons, respectively. While, maize/cereal intercropped increased the uptake of Fe, Mn and Zn. Results highlighted that intercropping systems alongside integrated nutrients management could compensate the reduced dose of synthetic fertilizers. Such practices are the most effective practices can prevent nutrients deficiency and help small householder farmers to achieve high yield.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
297
312
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_22870_6f2e0d56889db71cda363b6666f1ecd7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.6277.1134
Response of Growth, Productivity and Quality of Some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars to Different Irrigation Regimes
M.
Seleiman
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El koom, Egypt
author
M.
Abdel-Aal
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El koom, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
TWO field experiments were done at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El koom, Egypt, during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, to study the response of growth, productivity and quality of four wheat cultivars (cvs.), i.e. Gemmeiza 12, Misr 3, Sakha 95 and Shandaweel 1 to three irrigation regimes, i.e. I1 (five irrigations at tillering, stem elongation, booting, heading and ripening stages), as a control, I2 (four irrigations with skipping one irrigation at ripening stage) and I3 (three irrigations with skipping two irrigations at each of heading and ripening stages). The results showed that exposing wheat plants to drought stress by skipping two irrigations (I3 regime) significantly decreased growth characters (plant height, flag leaf area, total chlorophyll and days from sowing to heading as well as maturity), grain yield components (no. of spikes/m2 , spike length, no. of spikelets/spike, no. of grains/spikelet, no. of grains/spike, 1000 grain weight and grain weight/spike), yields/fad (grain, straw and biological), translocation indices (crop and harvest indices) and grain yielding ability as well as grain quality (protein and carbohydrate yields/fad and carbohydrate percentage) compared to full irrigation treatment (I1 regime). Reversely, protein percentage was significantly increased when the plants were exposed to skipping two irrigations at heading and ripening stages (I3 regime). However, there are no significant differences between full irrigation (I1 regime) and skipping one irrigation only at ripening stage (I2 regime) for grain, straw, biological yields/fad and most related traits. Sakha 95 and Gemmeiza 12 cultivars were superior to the other cultivars in most traits over all tested irrigation regimes. However, Misr 3 and Shandaweel 1 cultivars had values of drought susceptibility index (DSI) less than one either at moderate (I2 regime) or at severe drought stress (I3 regime), indicating that such cultivars were relatively tolerant to drought stress compared to the other tested cultivars. The interaction between the two tested factors showed that the application of four irrigations (I2 regime) to wheat cultivars namely Misr 3 and Shandaweel 1 are useful to save water consumption without significant reduction in wheat productivity.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
313
330
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_22990_9eed81d8344816773754f872d5b37dd2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.6352.1136
Response of Rice Yield and Yield Components as well as Grain Quality to Number and Levels of Zinc Foliar Spraying Application
M.
Fergany
Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
TWO field experiments were conducted during the summer season of 2014 and 2015 growing successive seasons at the Experimental Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shalakan, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the response of rice crop yield and yield components as well as grain quality to the number (once, 45 DAS; twice, 60 DAS and thrice, 75 DAS) and levels (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800ppm Zn) of zinc foliar spraying application. Experimental design was split plot design with three replications, where, number of zinc foliar application occupied the main plots and zinc levels distributed in the sub plots. Application of 600ppm Zn gave the highest values of panicle number/m2, panicle length, spikelets numbers/panicle, panicle weight, filled grains percent, filled grains numbers/panicle and 1000 grain weight. Foliar application of 600ppm Zn showed the highest values of grain crude protein content, soluble carbohydrate, GNY, SNY, TNY, NRE and NUE. Thrice zinc foliar application gave the maximum values of panicle length, spikelets numbers/panicle, panicle weight, filled grains percent and filled grains numbers/panicle. While, panicle number/m2 and 1000 grain weight were slightly affected by number of zinc foliar application. Application of thrice zinc foliar application at the level of 600ppm exhibited the highest values of grain, straw, biological and GCP yields as well as most of yield attributes and nitrogen physiological parameters.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
40
v.
3
no.
2018
331
340
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_23062_8b5934e5082d99c797338ee4d473f646.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2018.6276.1133