National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Enhancing Yield, Quality and Profitability of Sugar Beet Combining Potassium Fertilizer and Application Date of Yeast114608510.21608/agro.2018.2120.1086ENH.FerweezFood Sci. & Techn. Dept. Fac. Agric. New Valley Branch, Assiut Univ., New Valley, Egypt.AhmedAbd El-MonemِAgronomy Department, Assiut University, New Valley Branch, New Valley, Egypt0000-0002-5556-0430Journal Article20171120GOOD fertilizer management is critical for high yielding, quality and profitability of sugar beet. This work was carried out at Mallawi Agric. Res., Station, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt, during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to study effect of three application dates of yeast, i.e., 80, 110 and 140 days of sowing and three levels of potassium fertilizer, i.e., 0, 24, 48 kg K2O/fad on vegetative, physiochemical, yield traits and profitability of sugar beet. A split plot design with four replications was used in both seasons and Monetbianco cultivar was sown.<br />The obtained results indicated that addition time of yeast or/and level of potassium fertilizer (kg K2O/fad) exhibited a significant effect on vegetative characters of beet roots. Physical properties of beet roots, such as SR (Sugar recovery) %, QZ (Quality index) % and SL (Sugar loss) %, chemical constituents (pol (polarization) %, K, Na and a-N determined as milliequivalent/100 g beet), except the 2nd season for Na content of beet roots not reached significant level, and productivity traits of sugar beet, i.e., roots yield and recoverable sugar yield (ton/fad) in both growing seasons and combined.<br />The interaction between addition time of yeast with K-fertilization level was significant on vegetative traits of sugar beet, physical properties of beet roots, chemical constituents and productivity traits of sugar beet.Yeast addition at age 80 days was markedly increased the total return per fad by 27.64 and 26.85% and net profit by 60.80 and 58.64% as well as sugar yield in ton/1000m3 by 7.14 and 0.84 % compared with applying yeast at ages 110 and 140 days, respectively.<br />In general, it can be concluded from the results that applying yeast at age 80 days from sowing with 24 kg K2O/fad could be recommended because it achieved the maximum values of SR% (16.27%), QZ (86.99%) and pol % (18.71), while it contained the lowest values of SL% (2.44 %) ɑ-N (1.24 milliequivalent/100 g) and Na (1.31 milliequivalent/100 g) contents. While, the highest values (4.73 and 4.78 ton/fad) for recoverable sugar yield of sugar beet was recorded with adding yeast at ages 80 and 140 days from sowing with 24 kg K2O/fad, respectively.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Maximizing Land Equivalent Ratio and Economic Return by Intercropping Maize with Peanut under Sandy Soil in Egypt1530608710.21608/agro.2018.2168.1087ENAbd El-Alim A.MetwallyAgronomy Department, Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt,Sayed AhmedSafinaAgronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptYaser A. A.HefnyCrop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, A R C, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20171126TWO FIELD experiments were conducted at the experimental and research station at Ismailia of the Agriculture Research Center (ARC) Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 summer seasons in sandy soil; to determine the effect of intercropping maize with peanut under maize treatments; harvesting maize for fodder, maize for grains with defoliation at 85 days from sowing maize or without defoliation and plant densities: 2, 3 and 4 plants/hill at distance of 70 cm apart on each of productivity, land equivalent ratio (LER), net return and monetary advantage index (MAI). A split plots design with three replications was used. The main plots were assigned to three maize treatments and maize plant densities were distributed in sub plots. Sprinkler irrigation system was used, ground nut was sowing on both sides of beds 120 cm but corn was growing in the middle. Maize variety SC168 and groundnut C.V. Giza.6 were sown inboth seasons. The results showed that harvested maize plants for fodder produced the highest increment in pod yield/ha by (54.59 and 27.80%), during the first and second seasons, respectively, as compared with intercropped groundnut plants with harvested maize for grains without defoliation. Sowing maize by low plant density (24000 plants/ha) resulted in higher values of pod yield/ha (2.147 and 2.077 ton) during the first and second seasons, respectively. Groundnut plants which grown with harvested maize for fodder and low densities of adjacent two maize plants/hill (24000 plants/ha) recorded the highest values of pod yield/ha (2.482 and 2.304 ton) in both seasons. The relationship between maize plant densities and pod yield of ground nut was negative and followed the linear equation. Linear regression equation for maize plant densities suggested that increase in one unit (12000 plants) of maize plant densities lead to decreased pod yield/ha by 0.410 and 0.368 ton/ha during the first and second seasons, respectively. Maximum values of green fodder (17.46 and 17.93 ton) were obtained with 100% maize (48000 plants/ha), while, the minimum values (13.33 and 16.11 ton) were obtained in 50% maize density (24000 plants/ha) in first and second seasons, respectively. Maize harvested for grains without defoliation produced the highest grain yield/plant (154.2 and 162.6 g) and grain yield/ha (3.667 and 4.080 ton) during the first and second seasons, respectively. Maximum values of maize traits were obtained with intercropped 50% maize (24000 plants/ha).Grain yield/ha (4.46 and 4.78 ton) reached maximum values at full stand and harvested maize plants for grains without defoliation during both seasons. Maximum LER (1.64 and 1.69) were obtained when the maize harvested for fodder and peanut plants were grown under low density (24000 plants/ha) during the two seasons, respectively. Maximum net return/ha (1696.2 and 836.9 US$) were recorded when the maize harvested for grains with defoliation and peanut plants were grown under 50% of full stand of maize plants (24000 plants/ha). The highest MAI value (+830.5 and +889.3) was observed when the harvested maize plants for fodder and peanut plants were grown under 50% of full stand of maize plants (24000 plants/ha).National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Genetic Analysis of Earliness and Lint Yield under Normal and Late Sowing Dates in Egyptian Cotton3144613810.21608/agro.2018.1727.1077ENEzzat El-SayedMahdyAgronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt0000-0003-3902-4782Atif Abo-ElwafaAhmedAgronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptGamal HussainAbdel-ZaherCotton Res. Inst., ARC, EgyptMohammed AbdelazizSayedAgronomy Department, faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt0000-0002-2540-7806Mohamed GamalHuseinCotton Res. Inst., ARCJournal Article20170925THE PRESENT work was conducted to study the effects of late planting on the performance of Egyptian cottons, sensitivity to environments and gene action controlled earliness, lint yield/plant, lint % and lint index. A half diallel crosses of eight Egyptian cottons varieties were evaluated under normal and late plantings. The reduction % in lint yield/plant was 23.21 and 23.87% for the parents and F1 hybrids; respectively. The results of stress susceptibility index of LY/P indicated that six parents were tolerant for LY/P to late planting. Sixteen out of the 28 hybrids showed tolerance in LY/P to late planting. The diallel analysis revealed significant (p ≤ 0.01) items; ‘’a’’ and ‘’b’’, indicating that both additive and dominance effects of genes were involved in the inheritance of the five studied traits. The genetic parameter indicating that ‘’H1’’ tended to be more than the additive parameter ‘’D’’ under late planting. The regression analysis of Wr/Vr indicated the presence of non-allelic interaction in the inheritance of lint yield/plant under late planting. However, the additive–dominance model was adequate in the inheritance of days to first flower under normal and late plantings. The ‘’b2’’’ item and KD/KR indicated unequal distribution of dominance and recessive genes in the parents for all traits. The non-additive effects of genes were reflected in the departure of narrow form broad sense heritability. Therefore, pedigree and recurrent selection breeding methods could be effective to isolate lines adapted to late planting.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Effect of Drought Stress on Yield and Yield Components of 20 Peanut Genotypes Grown under Newly Reclaimed Soil4558671310.21608/agro.2018.2275.1088ENSaad MohamedNassarPlant Genetic Resources Dept., Desert Research Center, El-Matarya, Cairo, Egypt.A. M.A.Al-KadyPlant Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, El-Matarya, Cairo, Egypt.Z. I.El-SakaPlant Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, El-Matarya, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20171210THIS INVESTIGATION was carried out to evaluate the performance of some yield characteristics for twenty peanut genotypes of different origins under two irrigation treatments. The experiment was conducted during the two successive seasons 2015 and 2016 at the Experimental Station of Desert Research Center, Toshka, Egypt. Losses in peanut line yield and yield component are maximized at drought treatment. The main objective of this investigation was to study the effects of deficit irrigation (I) in genotype (G) and G × I interaction on yield component and yield traits in peanut genotypes. A split-plot design was used, where the irrigations were allotted to two irrigation treatments, i.e. well watering by giving all recommended irrigations (3500 m3/fad) and water stress by giving 67% from recommended irrigations (2345m3/fad), while sub plots were allotted to genotypes. Water stress caused a significant decrease in pod yield/ha, pod yield/plant, seed weight/plant, no. of pod/plant, no. of seed/pod and 100 seed. The rank of genotypes for studied traits under water stress was changed from that under well-watering conditions. The peanut lines L11 and L17 were the highest values for pod yield/plant and other studied traits, L11 for seed weight/plant and the number of seeds/plant, and L3 for 100 seed weight.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Stability Parameters and AMMI Analysis of Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)5974671810.21608/agro.2018.2916.1094ENMohamedAliAgronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, EgyptAshrafElsadekEcology and Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matarya, Cairo 11753, EgyptEmadSalemEcology and Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matarya, Cairo 11753, Egypt0000-0002-9401-4221Journal Article20180212SCREENING for stable genotype entails estimating the genotype (G)×environment (E) interaction (GEI) in multi-environmental trials (MET). Quinoa is a nutritionally rich crop as a source of vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids. It has been introduced to many countries in diverse regions worldwide. We evaluated five genotypes of quinoa under ten environments including irrigated and rain-fed conditions across Egypt. We used several stability parameters as well as additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis to determine the best genotype for each environment/location across Egypt. Based on AMMI analysis of variance, the sum of squares (SS) of E, G, and GEI explained ≈ 78%, 14%, 8%, respectively, of the treatment sum of squares. The SS of interaction principal components analysis axis1 (IPCA1) and IPCA2 explained 75 and 18%, respectively. KVL-SRA3 was the most stable genotype according to ecovalence value (Wi), to deviation from regression coefficient value (S2di) of Eberhart and Russell and to IPCA1, IPCA2 and AMMI stability value (ASV). Regalona was the most unstable genotype based on the same parameters. These results were visualized using AMMI biplot analysis, which revealed that KVL-SRA3 was widely adapted to all environments unlike Regalona that was poorly adapted to most environments. The Spearman’s rank correlation among different stability parameters was significantly variable for both the five-quinoa genotypes and the ten investigated environments. Our results indicated that most stability parameters were consistent with AMMI parameters in identifying stable genotypes with some exceptions according to the concept of each of stability parameter (agronomic or biological). This study is an important step to open doors for the adoption of an extraordinary nutritional crop in Egypt.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Effect of some soil amendments on yield and quality traits of sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) under water stress in sandy soil7588671910.21608/agro.2018.2660.1091ENMohamedAbbasAssociate Professor of Plant Sciences
Natural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University(CU)Amira Sh.SolimanNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, EgyptZeinab R.MoustafaPhysiology and Chemistry Department, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, EgyptKenawy M.Abd El-ReheemPhysiology and Chemistry Department, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20180116Two field experiments were carried out at Wadi El-Natrun, El-Beheira governorate, Egypt during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. The aim of the work is to study the effect of compost and bentonite as soil amendments solely or mixed and two nitrogen rates (90 and 120 kg N/fed) on quality and productivity of sugar beet under water stresses (100, 75 and 50% of water requirements) using a drip irrigation system. The obtained results showed that increasing water stress up to 50% of water requirement significantly decreased sugar lost in molasses, root and sugar yields (ton/fed). While, it increased sucrose% and sugar extractable. Decrease nitrogen fertilizer from 100% to 75% of recommended rate (120 kg N/fed) significantly decreased root and sugar yields, however, increased sucrose % and sugar extractable. Application of 5 ton/fed compost or bentonite as well as mixed 2.5 tons/fed of each of them led to a significant increase in all studied traits. Compost followed by bentonite was the best treatments. The maximum value of root and sugar yields were produced from the interaction between irrigation without water stress and fertilization by 120 kg N/fed and application of 5 ton/fed compost in the second seasonNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Agronomic Performance Sugar Beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) in Egypt Using Inorganic, Organic and Biofertilizers89103675210.21608/agro.2018.2681.1092ENM.ZakiPlant Production Department -Agronomy Unit, Desert Research Center.Eman IsmaeilEl-saragHead of Plant Production DepartmentHowaida A.MaamounPlant Production Department -Agronomy unit), Desert Research Center.MohamedMubarakPlant Production Dept., Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, North Sinai, EgyptJournal Article20180118FIELD experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Environmental Agricultural Sciences Faculty, Arish University, El-Arish, North Sinai Governorate, during the two growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, the experimental design was split-plot in (RCBD) with three replications. The main plots were devoted to forms of nitrogen and biofertilizer treatments in sub-plots. The main objective to evaluate four nitrogen forms, biofertilizer and their interactions on some growth criteria of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Results revealed that, urea treatment achieved the highest (LAI) and (RGR) in the first season (CGR) in the second season, whereas ammonium nitrate achieved the highest (CGR) in the first season and (LAI) and (LAD) in the second season. Urea treatment inclusion in seeds with ntrobin application resulted the highest values of (LAI), (CGR) and (LAD) and in the first season. Ammonium sulphate treatment with (phosphorin + ntrobin) obtained the highest (NAR) in the first season. Ammonium sulphate treatment with phosphorin obtained the highest (RGR) in the first season. Ammonium nitrate treatment with phosphorin obtained the highest (LAD) in the second season. Finally, results concluded fertilizing sugar beet plants with ammonium sulphate 100 kg N/fad and inoculated with biofertilizer (ntrobin 600 gm/fad) increased the growth rate sugar beet plants under sandy soil conditions.National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgyptian Journal of Agronomy0379-357540120180401Effect of Organic, Inorganic and Bio-fertilization on Growth, Yield and Quality Traits of Some Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties105117675910.21608/agro.2018.2869.1093ENMahmoud FathySeleimanDepartment of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, EgyptMohammed SayedAbdelaalCrop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.Journal Article20180207TWO FIELD experiments were carried out during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, in the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, Egypt, to study the effect of six fertilization treatments, i.e., no fertilizer as a control (F1), macro elements (F2), micro elements (F3), biofertilizer (F4), organic fertilizer (F5) and combination of macro and micro elements as well as bio and organic fertilizer treatments (F6) on growth characters, yield and yield components and seed quality of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars, i.e., Giza 3 and Giza 195. The results could be summarized as follows:<br />1- Giza 195 cultivar significantly exceeded Giza 3 cultivar in growth characters (number of branches and leaf area/plant as well as leaves, stem and total dry weight/plant ). The application of F6 treatment exhibited the highest significant values of plant height and leaf area/plant as well as leaves, stem and total dry weight/plant. However, the maximum significant values of number of branches/plant were recorded when chickpea plants were treated with F4. The interaction treatment of Giza 195 cultivar fertilized with F6 treatment produced the highest values of leaves and total dry weight/plant<br />2- Giza 195 cultivar significantly surpassed Giza 3 cultivar in seed weight/plant and its components ( no. of pods/plant , no. of seeds/pod, 100-seed weight and seed weight/pod), yields/ha (seed, straw and biological) and translocation indices (crop and harvest indices). The application of F4 treatment was most effective for increasing seed weight/plant and its components as well as seed, straw and biological yields/ha. Giza 195 cultivar fertilized with F4 treatment is considered the best interaction treatment for producing the highest values of no. of pods and seed weight/plant as well as seed and biological yields/ha in both seasons.<br />3- Giza 195 cultivar showed better performance and exceeded Giza 3 cultivar in seed quality (total nitrogen, total crude protein and carbohydrate percentages), while, Giza 3 cultivar was superior in fiber and ash percentages. The application of F4 treatment produced the highest values of seed quality (total nitrogen, total crude protein and carbohydrate percentages), while, the highest values of fiber and ash percentages were obtained by the application of F5 treatment as compared with the other tested fertilizer treatments.