@article { author = {}, title = {Response of Four New Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars to Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels under Sprinkler Irrigation System in Sandy Soils}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.107}, abstract = {TWO FIELD experiments were carried out in the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture in El-Khattara Region, Zagazig University, Egypt during two successive winter seasons (2009/2010–2010/2011). The experiments aimed to study the response of some new bread wheat cultivars (Egypt 1, Sakha 94, Sids 12 and Sids 13) to nitrogen fertilizer levels (50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed) under sprinkler irrigation in sandy soils. Results could be summarized as follows: 1-Significant differences were detected among the four wheat cultivars in all studied characters during the two seasons and their combined analysis. Where, wheat cultivar Sids 13 followed by Sids 12 and Egypt 1 recorded the highest values regarding spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight (gm) per spike and grain yield (ardab per fed), while wheat cultivar Sakha 94 gave the lowest values in all aforementioned traits except plant height in both seasons and their combined analysis. 2- The increase of N level from 50 to 75 and up to 100 kg N/fed led to significant increase in aforementioned characters in both seasons and their combined analysis. 3- Grain yield reached its maximum values, i.e. 11.4 and 11.8 ardab per fed when plants were fertilized with 112.5 and 93.6 kg N per fed for both wheat cultivars Sids 12 and Sids 13,respectively. The results , further indicated that, optimum yields were 10.83 and 11.74 ardab per fed and could be obtained when 75 and 78.9 kg N per fed were added for both wheat cultivars Sids 12 followed by Sids 13, respectivley.}, keywords = {Wheat,cultivars,nitrogen,Sprinkler irrigation,sandy soils}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_107.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_107_4b8a155346ec7bd687971bc2febbd4e9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Alleviation of Allelopathic Effect of Launae sonchoids Weed on Wheat Growth by Salicylic Acid}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {19-37}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.108}, abstract = {EXPERIMENT for the study of alleviation of allelopathic effect of Launae sonchoids on wheat growth by pretreatment grains with salicylic acid (SA). Launae sonchoids was collected from the desert plains at Taif area, Saudia Arabia and sampled in March 2010. The germination and growth were conducted in the greenhouse during April 2010. Diluted extracts of Launae sonchoids shoot system was applied to pre-soaked in SA or non soaked wheat grains. The aqueous extract of Launae sonchoids at 25% caused an increase in the root and shoots growth and biomass production of the wheat seedlings at pre-soaked in SA or H2O comparison with control. The concentrated extracts (75 and 100%) were phytotoxic to wheat germination. The percentage declined by pre-soaked wheat grains in 0.05 mM salicylic acid. Betaine levels in seedlings pretreated with salicylic acid significant increase versus untreated seedlings, possibly because such a precursor promotes betaine biosynthesis. This could be responsible for the enhanced growth criteria and preventing the decrease in chlorophyll content in the pretreated seedlings. A relationship between nitrogenous fractions, antioxidant glutathione and Launae sonchoids extract tolerance observed in wheat seedlings with or without salicylic acid. Overall, the adverse effects of allelopathic stress could be alleviated by pre-treated with SA.}, keywords = {Allelopathic, Launae sonchoids aqueous extract,wheat growth,Salicylic acid,Betaine and non-protein thiols}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_108.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_108_158ec228f96f7a4073e3f58617039d8b.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Maize Plants Distribution and Nitrogen Fertilization Levels in Peanut-Maize Intercrop}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {39-52}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.109}, abstract = {TWO FIELD trials were carried out at Ismailia Agricultural ……Research Station, Agricultural Research Center in 2003 and 2004 summer seasons in sandy soil, to study the interaction effect of intercropping patterns, peanut: maize (2:1), (1:1) and (1:2); orientation of maize plants (the shade crop): spacing maize plants at 35cm apart and leaving one plant/hill , spacing maize plants at 70cm apart and leaving two plants/hill and nitrogen fertilizer levels 60, 90 and 120 kg N/fed. Pure stand plots of both peanut and maize were included in each replicate for land equivalent ratio (LER) and net return essays. Treatments were assigned randomly in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated for four times. Peanut cv. Giza 5 (Main crop – understory crop) was planted on 23rd and 25th May in 2003 and 2004 seasons, respectively, whereas maize cv. single cross 10 (Shade crop – overstory crop) was planted on 13th and 15th June in 2003 and 2004 seasons, respectively. Peanut was planted with intra spacing of 10cm apart on one side of the ridges with population of 70000 plants/fed when intercropped or in pure stand. Results revealed that intercropping peanut grown 50% of full maize stand (2.4 plants/m2) in (1:1) pattern under orientated at 70cm apart leaving two plants/hill and adding 120 kg N/fed for the two components resulted in maximum net return of 1851.71 and 2214.95 L.E. with maximum LER of 1.44 and 1.41 in first and second season, respectively.}, keywords = {Intercropping,Peanut,Maize,Intercropping patterns,nitrogen fertilizer}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_109.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_109_d3f8a1f5f5957ce84f10ec57f7afc4c2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Improving Water Use Efficiency and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) by Foliar Application of Glycinebetaine under Induced Water Stress Conditions}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {53-72}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.110}, abstract = {TWO FIELD experiments were conducted in a sandy soil in the extension field in El-Kassasein, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt during 2007 and 2008 summer seasons. The work aimed to study the effect of five levels of glycinbetaine i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15, 20mM/fad(1ha=2.381fad) on the response of SC 10 maize hybrid to three rates of drip irrigation water (1.00. 0.80 and 0.60 of the estimated crop evapotranspiration, which represented 2625, 2100 and 1575 m3water/fad, respectively). The most important findings could be summarized as follows: Irrigation by 1575 m3/fad instead of 2625 m3/fad reduced significantly ear leaf blade area, total chlorophyll, relative water content and leaf water potential, except the content of GB in leaves which was significantly increased in both seasons. Meanwhile, increasing the level of glycinebetaine (GB) up to 15 mM/fad increased these traits and the content of GB in leaves compared with their untreated analogues. Decreasing the amount of irrigation water from 2625 to 1575 m3/fad reduced significantly the grain yield, protein yield and water use efficiency (IWUE). While, the relative increase percentages due to application of 15mM GB/fad compared with zero GB were 28.47 and 25.30%, 54.53 and 47.25% and 27.61 and 25.10% for these traits in both seasons, respectively. The interaction between both studied factors showed that under moderate water stress condition (2100 m3/fad) without GB addition the responses of these traits were only 11.59 and 10.77 ardab/fad, 135.29 and 119.69 kg/fad and 0.773 and 0.718 kg m-3 compared with 14.31 and 13.49 ardab/fad, 195.07 and 176.25 kg/fad and 0.954 and 0.899 kg m-3 when the concentration of GB was increased to 15mM GB/fad in both seasons, respectively.}, keywords = {Maize,glycinebetaine,IWUE,drought,Evapotranspiration}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_110.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_110_ba0858ad560214d954b333b12a9800f0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Response of Two Maize Hybrids to Urea Fertilization under Application of Hydroquinone Urease Inhibitor}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {73-88}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.111}, abstract = {TWO FIELD experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 summer seasons at Gaziret-Hanout,Kafr Sakr District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to study the response of two maize hybrids (SC 122 and TWC 310) to three levels of urea fertilization, i.e.75,100 and 125 kgN/fad(1ha=2.381fad) under application of three hydroquinone (HQ) urease inhibitor levels (0, 1.5 and 3.0 kg HQ/100 kg N). The adopted experimental design was split-split plot with three replicates. The results revealed that TWC 310 maize hybrid was superior in most of studied characters compared to SC122 which superior in ear length and protein percentage. However, both tested hybrids gave almost the same protein yield/fad. Increasing N levels from 75 to 100kg N/fad resulted in a significant increase in plant height, 100-grain weight, protein percentage and protein yield/fad, while the increase in urea-N levels up to 125kgN/fad increased significantly all other studied characters, except oil percentage which significantly decreased by any increase in N levels up to 125kgN/fad. Treating urea fertilizer with HQ urease inhibitor at the rate of 1.5kgHQ/100 kg N increased significantly both plant height and 100-grain weight, while increasing HQ levels up to 3.0kgHQ/100 kg N resulted in a significant increase in the other most studied characters compared with untreated urea. Any further HQ increment caused further reduction in oil percentage. Regarding the interaction effects, TWC 310 gave the higher number of grains/ ear when urea was treated with 3.0kgHQ/100kgN with a response rate of 25.66 grain yield/ fad was responded to urea-N up to 100 kg N/fad when 1.5 or 3.0kg HQ/100kg N was added. The highest oil yield / fad was attained when 125 kg N/fad was applied and when urea treated with 3.0 kg HQ/100 kg N. The results revealed positive and significant correlation coefficients between grain yield/ fad, and most of studied characters, while negative and significant correlation was found for grain yield related to oil percentage. The path analysis revealed that the direct effect of number of ears/plant was 17.06% being higher than that of 100-grain weight and number of grains/ear which was 15.18 and 5.11% of maize grain yield variation, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that number of ears/ plant and number of grains/ ear are similar to that of grain yield and each is of quadratic relationship with urea-N fertilization, while the response of 100-grain weight to urea-Nfertilizer had a linear relationship.}, keywords = {Maize,Urease inhibitor,Hydroquinone,N-fertilization,Yield analysis}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_111.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_111_60fad4e33dd34787672002d12d9a4229.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Organic and Mineral Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Plant Density on Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {89-103}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.112}, abstract = {TWO FIELD trials were conducted during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons in the Agricultural experiment and Research Center, Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt, to study the response of sugar beet to mineral N rates (60, 80 and 100 kg/fed1), compost rates (0, 1 and 2 tons/fed of plant compost 15% N) and plant density (40 x 103 and 46 x 103 plants/fed). Results revealed that increasing N rate up to 100 kg significantly favored beet growth in terms of leaf area index (LAI) at 145 and 175 days from sowing as well as relative growth rate (RGR) and individual root weight. LAI decreased as plants advanced towards maturity. On the other hand, juice quality traits, sucrose, purity and sugar recovery were decreased as N rate increased, while sucrose loss to molasses was gradually increased as N rate increased. A substantial increase in root yield (24.9% and 21.5%) and recoverable sugar yield (16.7% and 11.3%) was recorded as N rate increased from 60 to 100 kg/fed in the first and second season, respectively. Application of 2 tons of compost/fed significantly produced the highest LAI and RGR as well as the heaviest roots, and improved juice quality traits (sucrose, purity and recoverable sugar %). 1 and 2 tons of compost were significantly different in most of quality traits. Increasing compost rate from zero to 2 tons/fed increased root yield by 16.4 and 14.0% and sugar yield by 27.8 and 20.2% in the first and second seasons, respectively. Increasing plant density from 40000 to 46000 plants/fed depressed beet growth in terms of LAI, RGR and root fresh weight, while sucrose, purity and recoverable sugar % were increased with increasing plant density. On the other hand, sucrose loss to molasses decreased as plant density increased. 46000 plants maximized root and sugar production per feddan. All interactions between the studied factors were significant with respect to the studied traits in both seasons. The highest root yield 41.57 and 41.02 ton/fed and sugar yield 6.30 and 5.87 ton/fed resulted from 100 kg N + 2 tons of compost with 46000 plants/fed.}, keywords = {Sugar beet,Organic nitrogen,Mineral nitrogen,Plant density and quality}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_112.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_112_cb093d8920de690e7446751855ed62e7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Wheat and Faba Bean Plants as Responded to Magnesium Nitrate Foliar Fertilization}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Agronomy}, volume = {34}, number = {1}, pages = {105-119}, year = {2012}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0379-3575}, eissn = {2357-0288}, doi = {10.21608/agro.2012.113}, abstract = {PREVIOUS studies have shown that liquid fertilizers significantly ……. improve crop morphology and productivity. Pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Micronutrient Project, Fertilization Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt with wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Sids 6) and faba bean (Vicia faba L. var. Giza 716) grown on clay loam soil to study the plants response to magnesium nitrate foliar fertilization. The experiment followed the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments in three replicates. The plants sprayed two times with the concentrations 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 ml.l-1 from 28.76% Mg(NO3)2 stock solution. Results showed that MgNO3 foliar fertilization significantly increased fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and root volume of the treated plants. The superior doses were 7.5-10.0 ml.l-1 for wheat and 5.0ml.l-1 for faba bean plants. Magnesium nitrate foliar fertilization found also to significantly increase both concentrations and uptake of almost all determined macro and micronutrients by wheat and faba bean plant organs. Magnesium nitrate foliar application is highly recommended for wheat and faba bean crop plants grown under low soil magnesium levels.}, keywords = {Winter crops,Foliar feeding,Secondary elements}, url = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_113.html}, eprint = {https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_113_0b5aa270474fbf1b70420921e85003aa.pdf} }