A Review of Advantages, Disadvantages and Challenges of Crop Rotations
Mostafa
Selim
Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Crop rotation is the most important cropping system can help to minimize the application of fertilizers and herbicides, thereby decreased food contamination with agrochemical residue and increase structure of soil microbial communities. Furthermore, among other benefits, additional benefits also can be gained such as high land use efficiency, superior yield stability, well distributing of labor contribution over the growing season by the way which allows for more choice when deciding on change one practice or more, larger variety of produce, less dependence on storage, greater market opportunities by making a balance in the crop production. Recently, many researches showed that crop rotation is a foundational component of sustainability and long-term profitability without any requirements to additional financial investments. Finally, crop rotation can be recommended in many regions as valuable practices for refining sustainability and long term profitability.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
1
10
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_24300_2c80ab6d6733a5c9ac067f315db81b50.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.6606.1139
Impact of Different Levels of Phosphorus and Seed Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) On Growth, Yield Traits and Productivity of Wheat
Emad
Rashwan
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
author
Yasser
El-Gohary
Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
The goal of the present investigation was to assess the effect of phosphorus levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, yield related traits, productivity and phosphorus uptake by wheat. Two field experiments were conducted using a split plot design with 3 replications in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 winter seasons. Five levels of P-fertilization (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended dose) were randomizly arranged in main plots and the two treatments of mycorrhizal inoculation “without inoculation (M0) and with inoculation (M1)” were plotted in the sub plots. The results showed that, the yield related traits (number of grains spike-1, number of spikes m-2 and 1000-grain weight) significantly higher with 100% P level in both seasons. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation gave the highest yield related traits in both seasons. Increment levels of phosphorus increased the grain, straw yield and harvest index significantly up to 100% P level of wheat crop. Increasing level of P application (0 to 100% P level) and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza significantly increased P concentration in grains and uptake of P in wheat in both seasons. The combinedapplication of 100% P level with arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation recorded significantly higher phosphorus uptake in both seasons.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
11
20
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_25555_8f06ffeb4179c074bbf8d281918363a7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.6329.1135
Response of Arachis hypogaea L. to Different Levels of Phosphorus and Boron in Dry Environment
A.
Mekdad
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Soils in arid and semi-arid regions, such Egypt, have low fertility. To improve the soil fertility and performance of crops, there is an urgent need to manage agricultural process such as plant nutrition is needed for such environments. To discuss the performance of yield under this conditions, two field trials were conducted using four phosphorus fertilizer levels (P1 30, P2 45, P3 60 and P4 75kg P2O5/fad) and three foliar spray with boron levels (B0 tap water, B1 100ppm and B2 150ppm) on peanut. Results indicated that yield components, yield and its quality of peanut were positively (P≤ 0.01) affected by the two factors individually, also had positively (P≤ 0.05) affected by the various interactions on pod yield. The best pod yield was obtained by the bilateral interaction application of P4×B2. Correlation analysis appeared appearance of highly significant with r values between oil and pod yields.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
21
28
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_25557_f2f30b89b81b392ebfbc7da5ced3d68c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.6811.1140
Humus materials and Moringa ( Moringa oleifera Lam.) Leaf Extract Modulate the Harmful Effect of Soil Salinity Stress in Sudan Grass ( Sorghum vulgare L.)
Elsayed
Desoky
Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
author
Abdel-Rahman
Merwad
Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
author
Seham
Ibrahim
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
The effect of application different components of humus (humic acid and fulvic acid) and foliar spraying with Moringa leaf extract on Sudan grass vegetative criteria, some physiological and biochemical properties grown under three levels of soil salinity was conducted. Two pot experiments were carried out under the greenhouse conditions at the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt, during the growth season 2014 and 2015. Data indicated that salinity stress condition significantly decreased plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a, b and caroteniods, photochemical activity, RNA, DNA, total carbohydrates and total sugars, while increment of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT). Application of two humus component and foliar spraying with Moringa leaf extract overcome the harmful effects of salinity stress on the above mentioned criteria of Sudan grass compared with untreated plants. Humus components and Moringa leaf extract were helpful in improving these criteria at three cuts under different salinity levels. The highest value of the above mentioned criteria was observed with application of the humic acid + fulvic acid and spraying Moringa leaf extract, while the lowest one was recorded under the control treatment.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
29
45
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_27333_35672cbeb70143fbd6feffe275f7fed6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.6844.1141
Stability Analyses and Heritability of a Doubled Haploid Population of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.)
Mohamed
Ali
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
author
Mohammed
Sayed
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Assessment of genotype-by-environment interaction (G×E) is a curial step in any breeding program through multi-environmental trials (MET). In the current study, we grow a bi-parental population consists of 297 BC2DH lines along with their parents and a local check cultivar in four locations for two years (2016/2017 and 2017/2018) across Egypt. We employed different statistical analyses including AMMI, Eberhart and Russell and Tai’s analyses to assess the G×E. In addition, we estimated broad-sense heritability for grain yield per plant as well as phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. We found that environment (E), genotype (G) and G×E accounted for 52.52, 10.61 and 36.87% of sums of squares of treatment, respectively. Some DHs, e.g. 19, 65 and 4 were stable and adapted across environments unlike 73, 9 and 95, which were not stable across all environments but specifically adapted to Nubaria location during the two growing seasons. Both similar and dissimilar results found using Eberhart and Russel and Tai’s analyses. However, the AMMI biplot analysis successfully elucidate the which-won-where pattern. For the heritability estimates, we found that grain yield per plant showed moderate heritability estimate (0.50). This indicated that this trait can be improvedunder investigated environments. We identified some promising stable DHs lines that might be used in barley breeding programs in Egypt. Some of these DHs performed better than both parents and the local check cultivar.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
47
58
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_27334_f2f4411ed5b0fbac83b8234f169225ae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.5512.1116
Efficiency of Sowing Method and Weed Control on Growth, Yield and Quality of Linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.)
Dalia
Elhag
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Relat ionship between sowing method, weed control and crop yield is a complex relationships. Hence, adopting satisfactory and most compatible and effective combination of weed control and sowing methods is a foundational element of sustainability and long-term profitability. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing methods of linseed plants (Linum usitatissimum L.) and some weed control treatment. Field experiments were conducted in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons and the study was laid out in a split plot design with four replications in RCBD. Treatments included two sowing methods (broadcast and drill) were allocated in the main plots and seven weed control viz., T1- Unweeded (check control), T2- Brominal 500cm3/fad was applied after three week from planting, T3- Granstar (6g/fad), T4- Fusilade supper (500cm3/fad), T5- Brominal (500cm3/fad) + Fusilade supper (500cm3/fad), T6- Granstar (6g/fad) + Fusilade supper (500cm3/fad) and T7- Hand weeding twice. Results indicated that significant differences among sowing methods in all traits. Broadcast method surpassed the all treatments and highest values in term of stem diameter whereas; drill methods recorded the highest values of the remaining characters. Drill methods recorded the highest values for the other characters. Concering weed control treatments, significant differences were observed among treatments. Treatment T1 recorded the highest values for Fiber percentage and lowest of straw yield/plant and seed yield. Treatment T4 recorded the greatest values for Technical length, stem diameter, seed index and fiber yield. Treatment T6 recorded the highestvalues for dry weight of linseed plant, plant height, straw yield/plant.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
59
68
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_29851_98ef808fff37ac9074ddb43c271832e9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.7782.1147
Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Protein of Corn Affected by Low Nitrogen Application
Hashim
Abdel-Lattif
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
Moamen
Taha
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Atta
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is one of the most important physiological traits related to low N tolerance. The present investigation was carried out during 2016 and 2017 seasons at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The objectives were to study the effect of low N level on NUE, yield and grain composition as well as to determine the relationship between physiological traits (N accumulated in grain, Ng; NUE and grain produced per unit of grain N, Gw/Ng) and grain yield/plant (Gw). Two single cross hybrids were evaluated under three N levels, namely low N level (216kg N/ha), control (288kg N/ha) and high N level (360kg N/ha). Therefore, the amounts of applied nitrogen in the soil were 3.75, 5.0 and 6.25g/plant under low N, medium N (control) and high N, respectively. A split-plot design in a randomized complete block arrangement was used with four replications. The percent change relative to control showed that high N level caused a significant increase in grain yield/plant, grain yield/ha, kernels/row, ear length, N% in grain, Ng and grain protein % by 13.8, 14.53, 9.12, 6.99, 8.25, 22.85 and 7.2%, respectively. On the other hand, low N level caused a significant increase in NUE by 27.53% and Gw/Ng by 3.70%. Results of the simple regression analyses revealed that the superior traits in their contributions to Gw were NUE where R2 values were 0.99, 0.98 and 0.96 along with Ng where R2 values were 0.95, 0.66 and 0.94 under low N, medium N and high N, respectively.
Egyptian Journal of Agronomy
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
0379-3575
41
v.
1
no.
2019
69
78
https://agro.journals.ekb.eg/article_30131_f99e1912836ad8384c1c71dc3052cbd1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/agro.2019.9752.1151